壓力對安非他命濫用者情緒調節和認知衝動之影響

本研究以使用安非他命者為研究對象，藉由藥物成癮的相關神經機制了解，採用行為實驗探討安非他命濫用者之情緒調控及決策之認知衝動性歷程。研究設計壓力情境有無，瞭解安非他命濫用者在不同情境下進行延宕折扣作業與一般人之行為差異，並比較決策之認知衝動性上之改變。從延宕折扣作業的低和高酬賞延宕折扣率（本研究以K值代表延宕折扣率，K值越大表示衝動性越高）上的結果發現，有壓力之實驗組的K值皆顯著高於有壓力之控制組，但在無壓力時的實驗組與控制組無顯著差異。從衝動率（選立即酬賞的比率）上來看，實驗組在壓力情境下的衝動率（80.5％）高於無壓力的情境（64.2％）。情緒性停止訊號作業之行為結果發現加上實驗組的go反應正確率顯著低於控制組。在藥物相關情境下，實驗組的go反應時間顯著高於控制組，二組在中性情境下無顯著差異。本次研究發現實驗組在藥物相關情境下的go反應錯誤率增加，反應時間變長，這似乎說明藥物相關情境會影響安非他命濫用者的行為活動系統，而非行為抑制系統。因此，希望基於本次研究資料，進一步設計壓力與行為活動系統相關的研究，做為預測安非他命濫用者在接受治療之後會再用藥的指標。

關鍵字

壓力；安非他命濫用者；認知衝動；延宕折扣作業

並列摘要

This study used the delayed discounting task and emotional stop signal task to explore the cognitive impulsivity control of drug abusers' (amphetamines users) emotion regulation as well as decision-making to better understand any differences in drug addiction. Manipulation of whether there is a stressful situation was used to understand the behavior of drug abusers in different situations and the differences they showed from ordinary people's behavior, allowing comparison of any changes in cognitive impulsivity in decision-making. From the results of the low and high reward conditions used in a delayed discounting task, data suggest that the impulsivity (indicated by the K value calculated from task performance) of the experimental group in the stress condition was significantly higher than that of the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the no stress condition. It was also found that the impulsivity rate of the experimental (drug abuser) group in a stressful situation (as indicated by the rate of choosing an immediate rather than a delayed reward) was as high as 80.5%, compared with the rate in a stress-free situation (64.2%). The behavioral results for an emotional stop signal task found that in the emotionally negative condition, the go reaction time of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, whereas there was no significant difference between the two groups in the neutral situation. In addition, the correct rate of go responses in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group. This study also found that the experimental group's go response error rate increased in the negative emotional condition and the reaction time was longer. This seems to indicate that this negative context affects the behavioral excitatory system of amphetamine abusers, rather than affecting the behavioral inhibition system. It is hoped that, based on the data from this study, we can further design research related to stress and its effects on the behavioral stimulation system as an indicator to predict whether drug abusers will re-use drugs after receiving treatment.

並列關鍵字

stress ； amphetamine users ； cognitive impulsivity ； delayed discounting task

國際替代計量

壓力對安非他命濫用者情緒調節和認知衝動之影響

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