- 會議論文
薏苡的食療與加工利用
Dietetics, Processing and Utilization of Coix Lachryma-Jobi L.
摘要
薏苡(Coix lachrymal-jobi L.)英名job's tears, adlay, Chinese pearl barley, 日名ハトムギ(hatomugi)，是富含蛋白質和油脂的一年生禾本科植物。由於其營養價值高又對人體有特殊的生理機能，故自古以來不僅被用為滋養強壯劑，亦為漢藥方的重要材料。在中國和日本的民間療法中，薏仁被認為具有健胃、利尿、消炎、止痛、抗痙攣、和抗腫瘤等功能。在近代醫學報告上，已證實薏仁油脂中含有薏仁脂(coixenolide, C_(38)H_(70)O_4)，此物質可治療老鼠的歐立區式腹水腫(Ehrlich ascites sarcoma)；薏苡根中含有薏苡素(coixol, C_8H_7O_3N)，此物質具有鎮靜、鎮痛等作用；薏仁的水萃取液中含有coixans，此物質可降低老鼠中血糖濃度；薏仁的脫脂區分被證實能降低兔子血漿中膽固醇含量。薏仁的根、葉、仁均可食用，其中薏仁可加工成薏仁茶、薏仁發酵產品（如醋、醬油、味噌）、薏仁烘焙產品（如：薏仁麵、麵包等）以及配合其他中藥材製成多種療效食品（如福康）。食品擠壓技術可應用於多種薏仁加工產品之製造。為了發展薏苡加工業，必須發揮科際整合的精神，結合醫學、藥學、農學、營養學和食品科技等方面的學者專家共同針對其育種、栽培、加工以及療效等進行有系統的學理性探討。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Job's tears(Coix lachryma-jobi L), also called adlay, or hatomugi in Japanese, is rich in proteins and lipids. Due to its high nutritional value as well as special biological and functional effects on the human body, it has been used as nourishment, stamina food, tonic or medicine. It is recognized that job's tears has stomachic, diuretic, antiphlogistic, anodynic, antispasmodic and anti-tumor effects in the folklore of China and Japan. In modern medical reports, coixenolide(C_(38)H_(70)0_4)、which has shown anti- tumor activity to Ehrlich ascites sarcoma In mice; and coixol(C_8H_70_3N), which has analgestic and antispasmodic activity, are found in the oils and roots of adlay, respectively. Water extract of dehulled adlay can reduce plasma glucose level in mice, and defatted parts of adlay has a hypocholesterolemic effect in rats. Roots, leaves and kernels of adlay are edible. Products such as tea, fermented foods, bakery products and diet foods may be produced wing the kernel of adlay together with some other medical materials. Food extrusion can be applied for many adlay-processed foods. In order to develop an adlay industry, it is necessary to integrate various desciplines and to combine the researches in medicine, pharmacology, agriculture, nutrition and food science in order to achieve greader knowledge of the breeding, cultivation, processing and clinical effect of adlay.