- 會議論文
A Study on the Foods of Confucian Ancestral Rites and Buddhistic Rites in the Young-Nam Area of Korea
並列摘要
This paper has investigated the foods now used for Confucian ancestral rites and Buddhistic rites in the Young-Nam area of Korea and compared them with each other. And also it has observed how they have changed according to the times. For Confucian Bool-cheon-wi rites(不遷位祭), more kinds of and a greater quantity of foods are served than are for general memorinal services on the anniversaries of death(忌祭). Tucks(餅), Jeon(煎), Salted fish and dried meat(脯), Kook (羹), Tang(湯), Juck(炙), boiled and seasoned vegetables and fruits are served in common for both. It is a characteristic that the only limited kinds of spices and vegetables are used for the foods of these rites. There are some differences between families. The kinds of foods used are conservative while foreign fruits lately introduced are exceptionally used in almost all families. But on the whole Confucian ancestral rites have comparatively little changed with the times. The dedicated foods of Buddhistic rites are composed of ones proper to Buddhistic temples. Animal foods are excluded. More changes have been found to take place with the times in Buddhistic rites than in Confucian rites celebrated at homes. Two kinds of rites in the Buddhistic temple are celebrated simultaneously on Buddha's altar(佛壇) and on the soul altar(靈壇), Mae(飯) and Tucks, fruits and tea are served for Buddha's altar. While for the soul altar, Tucks, Juck, boiled and seasoned vegetables, fruits. Youmil-gyua(油蜜菓) and Dasik(茶食), western cookies and candies, cider and cola are served. As many fruits as they can get are served, including foreign ones lately introduced, which shows the changes with the times. The general Confucian rite in the course of Buddhistic rites seems to have resulted from the policy of the Chosun dynasty-suppressing Buddhism and worshiping Confucianism. And it might be the influences of native beliefs. Offering tea, burning incense and not eating meat and fish on a memorial day are the influences of Buddhism on Confucian rites. As mentioned above, the ancestral memorial rites of the Young-Nam area comparatively keep traditional features. Though the quantity of offerings are inclined to grow less, it is thought that the rites are regarded as significant family events and will go on.