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試論敦煌盧舍那法界像配置反映的佛教思想

Try to talk about the configuration of Dunhuang the Vairocana dharmadhatu images reflecting the Buddhism thought

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摘要


敦煌盧舍那法界像延續時間之長,圖像之多,內容之豐富,在我國佛教藝術史上是不多見的。尤其是與其他地方多為單尊像不同,敦煌既有單尊像,也有說法圖式,並與其他圖像、經變在洞窟中配置而繪。不同時期的圖像,與其相配置的圖像題材不同,其反映的宗教內涵也就不同。本文將對敦煌盧舍那法界像配置反映的佛教思想進行探討。一、早期盧舍那法界像與涅槃圖像配置敦煌北周428窟、隋427窟、初唐332窟時代相接,洞窟內容配置與佈局相同或相似,尤其盧舍那均與涅槃圖像配置,應受到了這一時期地論思潮的影響。二、盧舍那法界像與單尊像的相對配置唐代的盧舍那法界像多與藥師、地藏、千手千眼觀音等單尊像相對配置,因為它們在義理及信仰上有著一定的內在關係。三、盧舍那法界像與經變畫的配置唐代第31窟盧舍那說法圖與剛經變配置,應是教禪合一思潮在敦煌流行的表現。6鋪報恩經變繪有盧舍那法界像說法圖,既與《報恩經》的內容有關,二者在義理上也互相涵攝。四、盧舍那法界像與文殊普賢配置的華嚴三聖莫高窟261窟東壁以盧舍那初說法法界像為主尊的華嚴三聖像,是敦煌石窟中身份明確的一鋪華嚴三聖像,也是佛教藝術中唯一的此類圖像,為盧舍那佛的圖像學研究提供了重要資料。

並列摘要


Dharmakaya Vairocana Buddha is the highest worship object which "the avatamsaka sutra" respects that, Vairocana dharmadhatu image has unique statuary form to pay attention for academics. Vairocana dharmadhatu image of Dunhuang lasted for a long time, many image, the rich contents, not sees likely in our country Buddhism art history. Especially it is different with other place for more single figure, Dunhuang both single and the Shape of Buddha Teaching picture, there are also configuration with other images and Jingbians in caves. Different period of the image, and configuration of the image in different subjects, it reflects religious connotation which is different also. Both has specific time influence of Buddhism ideological trend and the genre, and it also has the dominant of classical principles, and in the specific historical background, the buddhist image art's own evolution and development.

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