「人間佛教」以戲傳法的教誡示現－試論大愛電視歌仔戲《高僧傳：鑑真大和尚》之佛教教化內容與方式

＂Human Buddhism＂ Spreads Dharma Through Drama that is the ＂Revelation of Precepts＂-On the Buddhism Enlightenment Content and Method of Taiwanese Opera The Memoirs of Eminent Monks: The Great Monk Jianzhen in Daai TV

李宗定(Lee Tsung-Ting)

《臺陽文史研究》 7期 (2022/01) Pp. 29-52

摘要

佛教修行不以神通為目的，然佛陀會施展神通以為教化的方式。六神通中的「漏盡通」，為證得斷滅究竟，以所證者告示他人，能傳無量千百人，此為「教誡示現」，以說教轉法輪。歷代法師開示弟子，講經說法，可為教誡示現的表現。然而如此傳法，影響畢竟有限，現代傳播媒體能將法師說法，透過電視網路，傳達至無數人面前，不限時地，恍若神通。臺灣佛教團體慈濟慈善事業基金會，創辦大愛電視臺，便是藉由現代科技弘揚佛法，傳遞美善清流，以淨化人心為使命。大愛電視臺製播《高僧傳》系列節目，邀請知名歌仔戲團，以歌仔戲演出歷代高僧故事，重現每位高僧的行誼，使觀眾能從其中感受其人格特質，並起效法之心。歌仔戲是臺灣代表性劇種，深入民間，大愛電視臺以歌仔戲演出高僧故事，將佛法融入戲劇之中，實現以戲傳法。唐代鑑真大師東渡日本傳法授戒，對日本佛教貢獻極大，其事蹟記錄在《唐大和上東征傳》，本文討論大愛電視歌仔戲《高僧傳：鑑真大和尚》的劇情內容，認為改編後的演出，刪去眾多神異事蹟，符合證嚴上人開示。然而佛教雖不以神通為重，卻適當利用神通開示傳法，文獻中所載多有，似毋須過多避諱。至於電視劇將佛法融入唱詞，以及鑑真大師對弟子開示，透過媒體播送，實現了教誡示現的教化目的。佛教與歌仔戲的結合，佛教透過歌仔戲傳法，歌仔戲能開創題材，相輔相成。戲劇兼顧傳法與娛樂，製作精良，演員唱功了得，是為臺灣歌仔戲的水準之作。

關鍵字

人間佛教 ； 教化 ； 歌仔戲 ； 鑑真 ； 日本 ； 大愛電視臺

並列摘要

Buddhism does not aim at supernatural powers, but the Buddha will use supernatural powers as a way of enlightenment. In the six magical powers, the ＂ Lou jin tong＂(漏盡通) are those who have realized that everything is destroyed, and tell others with the wisdom of the realization. This kind of teaching can be passed on to countless people. This is the ＂revelation of precepts＂, which is to turn the wheel of Dharma by preaching. When a master teaches his disciples, it is a manifestation of teaching precepts. However, this way of teaching the Dharma has limited impact after all. Modern media can convey the master's statement to countless people through the TV network. This way seems like a magical power. The Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation founded the Daai TV Station to promote Buddhism through modern technology with the mission of purifying people's hearts. Daai TV station produces and broadcasts the series The Memoirs of Eminent Monks (高僧傳), inviting well-known Taiwanese opera troupes to perform the stories of the eminent monks of the past generations in Taiwanese opera. These plays reproduce the friendship of each eminent monk, so that the audience can feel their personality traits and imitate them. Taiwanese opera is a representative drama in Taiwan. It has been deeply rooted in the folk. Daai TV station used Taiwanese opera to perform stories about eminent monks and spread the Dharma in the drama. Master Jianzhen (鑑真) went to Japan to teach Buddhism and grant precepts and made great contributions to Japanese Buddhism. His deeds are recorded in the The Journey of The Monk Jianzhen to Japan (唐大和上東征傳). This article discusses the plot of the TV Taiwanese opera The Memoirs of Eminent Monks: The Great Monk Jianzhen (高僧傳: 鑑真大和尚) , and points out that many miraculous deeds have been deleted from the adaptation of the opera, in order to comply with Master Cheng Yen's disclosure. However, Buddhism does not focus on supernatural powers, but uses supernatural powers to spread the Dharma. There are so many documents in the literature that it seems unnecessary to avoid using them. This play incorporates the Dharma into the lyrics, as well as Master Jianzhen's teaching to his disciples, broadcast through the media, to achieve the enlightenment purpose of teaching precepts. Buddhism spreads through Taiwanese opera and Taiwanese opera can create themes. This play takes into account both the teaching of Buddhism and entertainment. It is well-produced and the actors can sing well. It is a work of the standard of Taiwanese opera.

並列關鍵字

Human Buddhism ； Enlightenment ； Taiwanese Opera ； Jianzhen ； Japan ； Daai TV Station