- 期刊
- OpenAccess
有氧運動和無氧運動習慣對飛行員G 耐力影響之探討
A Preliminary Model of Predicting Orthostatic Tolerance For Pilots
摘要
體能適能可預期改變心臟血管的功能，間接地影響飛行員的G 耐力，本研究為設計一種改進的體能傾斜測驗方法，用於計量直立性耐力。43 位健康的男性參與此項實驗，他們被指導踩動腳踏車式測功計，其功率為每分鐘增加45 瓦特，直到達到個人的最大運動心跳率70-85%。在運動終末，他們被要求後仰30 度，下肢懸空，之後10 分鐘內，眼睛恒注視前方弧狀燈桿的中央，並隨時報告視覺模糊或頭昏的症狀，其間，相關的心臟血管參數為每隔1 分鐘測量一次。實驗結果顯示在傾斜測驗的過程，發生頭暈或視覺模糊的受測者各有10和11 人，變異項分析顯示在停止運動的初期，重力作用對心跳率的影響，於反應者和無反應者之間，呈顯著的差異。此外，無反應者的脈搏壓較反應者為高。當比較受測者的運動習慣，發現反應者多為缺少運動或無氧運動較少者。本研究的初步結果顯示正確的平衡性體能訓練(有氧和無氧均衡的運動)有利於改善直立性耐力或G 耐力，但有待以人能離心機作更進一步的檢測。
並列摘要
It was anticipated that physical fitness causes changes in cardiovascular function which directly affect G tolerance of pilots. The present study deals with a procedure designed to improve the tilting test for use in determining orthostatic tolerance. Forty-three healthy men participated in the experiment. They were instructed to ride a bicycle eroometer whose work load was increased stepwise at 45 Watts per minute until their target heart rates had reached 70-85% of maximum exercise heart rate individually. At the end of exercise, they were asked to tilt 30(head-up with both legs suspended to determine their orthostatic tolerances. In a 10 minute post-exercise period, they were instructed to fix their gaze at the center of an arcshaped light bar directly in front of them and to report any blurring of peripheral vision or faint. Meanwhile, related cardiovascular parameters were recorded at 1 minute interval .Throughout being challenged of head-up tilt, 10 and 11 subjects complained of faint and dimming vision respectively. Analysis of variance revealed that the gravitation effect was significant for heart rates of reactor^1 and non-reactor^2 during the first phase of orthostasis. Besides, the higher pulse pressures were almost associated with non-reactors rather than reactors. In comparison of habitual activities, the reactors are found to be sedentary or less anerobic conditioned. subjects, whereas the no-reactors are more anerobic conditioned subjects. These preliminary data suggest a properly balanced physical conditioning program might be beneficial to orthostatic or G tolerance. More research remains to be performed on human centrifuge.