春秋兵家思想中的武德內涵探討

An Analysis of the Military Morals of the Strategists' in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods

曾美智(Mei-Jyh Tseng)

《國防大學通識教育學報》 4期 (2014/06) Pp. 16-26

摘要

軍事思想源自於兵家對國家安全環境和軍事理念的實踐，因而其思想對戰爭和軍事倫理的實踐，有著極其重要的指引功能，並在戰爭和軍事十件中受到檢驗、得到發展。而要研究國家安全環境與軍事的實踐，最直接的方式便是從傳統軍人武德思想所及中的歷代著名兵書典籍中，探尋各兵家的思想軌跡。因為此類兵書正是印證特定情境下，引導軍人表現出某種特定思想一貫性行為傾向的重要依據。如果我們能依據現金留存考據下來的兵家文稿、著作，進行合理的理解，將能消除當代對於倫理內含爭論的嚴重分岐。因而吾人在進行軍人武德的德性研究過程中，對我國兵家主要思想主要盟發年代(春秋戰國時期)軍人武德的內涵及其實踐進行歷史的觀察，以求瞭解在特定時代背景中，軍人武德的形成原因與內外在表現方式間之關聯性，俾為後續研究軍人武德之參考，更顯其重要與必要性。

關鍵字

軍事思想 ； 軍事倫理 ； 國家安全 ； 政治理念 ； 封建宗室

並列摘要

Military thoughts originate from the practice of strategists' thinking on national security conditions and the military thinking. Thus, their thoughts play a significant guiding role in the practice of war and military ethics. They are not only tested in wars and military practices but also further developed. The most direct way to do research on national security conditions and military practices is to look into the strategists' ways of thinking as evidenced in their writings on which traditional military thoughts are mainly based, for these writings offer important basis to guide soldiers to have consistent thinking and behavior under specific scenarios. If we can have a reasonable understanding of the existing proofread manuscripts and books by the strategists, we will be able to resolve the serious conflicts among the modern ethics. Therefore, in our research on military ethics, it is far more necessary that a historical observation of the contents and practices of the military ethics in the periods of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States be carried out for us to understand why the military ethics are shaped in specific times and how they are interrelated in internal and external practices. The findings can also serve as an essential reference for future study.

並列關鍵字

military thoughts ； military ethics ； national security ； political beliefs ； feudal clans