《華嚴經疏．十地品》釋經方法探析

澄觀《華嚴經疏．十地品》之釋經體例，與其它各品不同之處，即是部分依據《十地經論》來造疏，這是承襲智儼《華嚴經搜玄記．十地品》、法藏《華嚴經探玄記．十地品》而來。所以，祖師們在詮釋〈十地品〉時，除了依據《華嚴經》之外，還涉及到《十地經論》，已成為一般注疏者之共識。本文主要探析澄觀《華嚴經疏．十地品》的釋經方法，分為三個部分來說明。首先，介紹澄觀《華嚴經疏．十地品》釋經方式的承襲與開展，主要是指承襲法藏《華嚴經探玄記．十地品》在每一釋文前的七門分別，以及補充古德釋經之四項不足，可謂突破舊傳統，創造新方法。其次，考察澄觀引用經論的情形，包括明引與暗用兩種，本文只針對明引部分做分析。澄觀明引之經論超過四十部，太過於龐大，再予以抉擇，以引用次數較多且具有系統性的五部論書為主：《瑜伽師地論》、《攝大乘論》、《成唯識論》、《大智度論》、《俱舍論》。最後，是詞義的解釋，澄觀的《華嚴經疏》是隨文釋義的注疏，運用了中國傳統的訓詁學對經典進行解說。因此本文有必要對詞義的解釋進行探討，即分別從三個面向來釋義：詞義的訓解、佛教名相的解釋、依相對概念釋義。

關鍵字

澄觀；釋經方法；明引；詞義；《華嚴經疏．十地品》

並列摘要

Unlike the way used to explain the other chapters (pin, 品) in the Huayanjingshu 華嚴經疏, Chengguan applied a different explanation system to explaining the ＂Shidipin＂十地品. This system based partly on the Shidijinglun 十地經論 was adopted by Zhiyan's ＂Shidipin＂ in the Huayanjing souxuanji 華嚴經搜玄記and Fazang's ＂Shidipin＂ in the Huayanjing tanxuanji 華嚴經探玄記 as well. It indicates that grand masters in annotating ＂Shidipin＂ have involved the Shidijinglun, except referring the Huayanjing. This text is mainly to analyze Chengguan's method of sutra exposition. It consists of three parts. First of all it introduces the adoption and development of Chengguan's fashion of sutra exposition on the ＂Shidipin＂ in the Huayanjingshu, not only chiefly regarding the seven gates distinction in each explanation for Fazang's ＂Shidipin＂ in the Huayanjing tanxuanji, but adding the supplement to improve the four kinds of inadequacy in ancient masters' sutra exposition. This method breaks through the old tradition, creating a new one. Secondly, though Chengguan's quotation of sutra expositions includes both the clear citation and the connotative usage, only the clear citation is analyzed in this text. Since the number of Chengguan's quotations of sutra exposition is more than 40, which is too huge, this text focuses mainly on the five theorizing books with more citations and systemic descriptions, namely, Yuqieshidilun 瑜伽師地論, Shedachenglun 攝大乘論, Chengweishilun 成唯識論, Dazhidulun 大智度論 and Jushelun 俱舍論. Finally, it concerns the explanation of the meanings of words. The annotations of Chengguan's Huayanjingshu simply follow the original meaning with gentle interpretation, using Chinese traditional ＂critical interpretation of ancient texts＂（訓詁學） to explain the classics. Thus this text has to probe into the annotations, from three orientations separately: critical explanation of meanings of words, explanation of Buddhist names and forms, and interpretation on relative concepts.