「聲聞地」之「資糧論」的三重結構

On The Threefold-Structure of The Requisite-Theory In The Sravakabhumi

釋惠敏(Huey-Miin Rev.)

《中華佛學學報》 3期 (1990/04) Pp. 68-81

https://doi.org/10.6986/CHBJ.199004.0068

摘要

「聲聞地」中與「資糧論」有直接關係的是十三種「世間及出世間諸離欲道趣向資糧」，但是將其與十四種「涅槃法緣」作比較的話，可發現有相同和不同的項目。此外，「聲聞地」之第三瑜伽處的「五處安立」之第一項「護養定資糧」卻是指「離欲道資糧」之護養。因此，本稿將考察：「涅槃法緣」在佛教全體中之意義為何？「涅槃法緣」與「離欲道資糧」以及「五處安立」間的關係為何？「離欲道資糧」與「五處安立」在佛教全體中是否有特別意義？結論是：若能把握住如下所述之「三重結構」的話，應該較能理解「聲聞地」之「資糧論」的本質。「涅槃法緣：依「三學」之次第（根據初期佛教以來的傳統）——第一重「離欲道資糧：「三學」「四預流支」等之組合——第二重「五處安立」：更進一步以「瑜伽行」為中心而再統合——第三重。

並列摘要

In the Sravakabhumi, the thirteen ＂Requisites for traveling free from passion, whether mundane or supramundane＂ is directly relating to ＂Requisite theory＂. But comparing with fourteen ＂conditions of parinirvana＂, we can find some same items and some different items between them, and the first point ＂Guarding and accumulating the equipment of samadhi＂ (belongs to ＂Guiding in regard to five points＂ of the third Yogasthan in the Sravakabhumi) is indicated by ＂Guarding and accumulating the Requisites for traveling free from passion＂. Therefore, in the present article, we try to investigate the relationship and the meaning of the ＂conditions of parinirvana＂ and ＂Requisites for traveling free from passion＂ and ＂Guiding in regard to five points＂ from whole the Buddhism's viewpoint. Our conclusion is that if we can grasp the idea of threefold-structure, then we can well understand the Requisite-theory in the Sravakabhumi. That is: The ＂conditions of parinirvana＂ is the first structure which is according to the steps of traditional ＂three studies＂ (discipline, meditation, wisdom) from the Early Buddhism. The ＂Requisites for traveling free from passion＂ is the second structure which is woven by ＂three studies＂ and ＂four srotapatti-anga＂ and so forth. The ＂Guiding in regard to five points＂ is the third structure which furtherintegrates the two stated above with the ＂Yogacara＂.