蹲踞跳和下蹲跳對籃球選手和一般學生的垂直跳表現之影響

The effect of squat jump and countermovement jump on vertical jump performances in the basketball players and university students

李書維 ； 黃長福

《屏東大學體育》 7期 (2021/06) Pp. 1-10

摘要

本研究的目的探討蹲踞跳（squat jump, SJ）和下蹲跳（countermovement jump, CMJ）對籃球選手和一般學生在垂直跳表現的影響。以一般學生男性18名（身高：173.2 ± 6.0公分，年齡：20.1 ± 1.3歲，體重：70.2 ± 13.2公斤）；以及籃球隊17名選手（身高：180.2 ± 9.3公分，年齡：18.9 ± 0.9歲，體重：78.9 ± 14.5公斤）為受試者。實驗使用1台可攜式單軸測力板（Quattro Jump 9290AD, Kistler, Winterhur, Switzerland），擷取頻率為500Hz，來收集SJ和CMJ的運動學及動力學參數，所得資料使用SPSS統計軟體進行使用混合設計二因子變異數分析進行統計考驗，如達顯著差異使用bonferroni法進行單純主要效果進行事後比較，顯著水準定為α＝.05。研究結果顯示籃球選手跳躍高度高於一般學生，一般學生的CMJ則高於SJ（p ＜ .05）。在平均向心爆發力方面，籃球選手高於一般學生，CMJ則高於SJ（p ＜ .05）。結論長期接受專業訓練的籃球選手，在SJ和CMJ的垂直跳表現明顯優於一般學生；而一般學生在CMJ的垂直跳表現則明顯優於SJ，因此建議透過適當的速度和力量訓練有助於改善垂直跳的能力。

關鍵字

空中時間 ； 最大速度 ； 平均向心爆發力

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) on the vertical jump performance of university students and basketball players. Eighteen male students (height: 173.23 ± 6.01 cm, age: 20.11 ± 1.28 years, weight: 70.18 ± 13.18 kg); and 17 basketball players (height: 180.18 ± 9.25 cm, age: 18.94 ± 0.9 years, Weight: 78.88 ± 14.48 kg) were the subject. A portable single-axis force plate (Quattro Jump 9290AD, Kistler, Winterhur, Switzerland) was used in the experiment. The sampling frequency was 500Hz and was used to collect the biomechanical parameters of SJ and CMJ. The data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA Mixed design using SPSS statistical software, and the significant level was α = .05. The research results show that in terms of jump height, basketball players are higher than university students, and university students'CMJ is higher than SJ (p ＜.05). In terms of average concentric power, basketball players are greater than university students, basketball players and university students'CMJ is greater than SJ (p ＜.05). Long-term professional training basketball players, the vertical jump performance in SJ and CMJ was better than university students; the vertical jump performance of university students in CMJ was better than SJ. Therefore, proper speed and strength training can improve the vertical jump ability.

並列關鍵字

flight time ； peak of vertical takeoff velocity ； average concentric power