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【論文摘要】棒球應援文化與運動賽事的影響
【論文摘要】The Interaction of Cheering Culture & Baseball Games
摘要
台灣職棒自1990年開打至今邁入第35個年頭，期間歷經幾次的假球案及簽賭風波，職棒觀眾幾乎全數流散。所幸靠著2013年世界棒球經典賽球員的好表現，加上義大犀牛營造出來的曼尼旋風，再次激起全民對棒球的熱情，而綜合台、日、韓三種不同元素的應援文化，更是成為觀眾不斷回流的重要支撐。棒球啦啦隊是引領許多人進入棒球世界的源頭，應援文化更是棒球賽事中不可或缺的元素，它不僅僅是一種支持球隊的方式，也是一種生動而多元的表達形式。爰此，本研究即在探討棒球應援文化對運動賽事本身及對球迷的影響。研究者前往多個職棒球場，觀察球場周邊以及觀眾席的應援活動情況予以紀錄，並在社群網站與比賽現場邀集觀眾進行問卷調查，以獲取參與者對於應援文化與運動觀光的主觀感受和看法。研究結果顯示，現代新式的電音應援相比傳統加油方式更為觀眾所喜好，透過啦啦隊的帶領，可以讓絕大多數的球迷更加投入比賽氛圍，並且提升觀賽體驗，其中觀眾最在意的的是啦啦隊現場氣氛帶動的能力及加油口號的創作。職棒比賽的最重點當然是在於球員本身的表現，但仍有約五分之一的現場觀眾會為了應援團隊而來，並曾經為了特定應援團員而改變支持球隊，足見應援團隊的影響力，本研究結果可讓各球團思考如何擴大其應援團隊對球迷的號召力。
並列摘要
Taiwan Professional Baseball has entered its 35th year since its launch in 1990. During this period, several match-fixing cases and betting scandals led almost all professional baseball spectators dispersed. Fortunately, thanks to the good performance of the players in the 2013 World Baseball Classic, coupled with the sensation created by Manny Ramirez, it finally stimulated national enthusiasm for baseball. And the evolution of cheering culture has become an important support for the audience to continue to return. Cheerleading leads many people into the world of baseball and is an indispensable element in baseball games. It is not only a way to support the team, but also a vivid and diverse form of expression. Therefore, this study will explore the interaction of baseball cheering culture to the game itself and on fans. The researchers went to multiple professional baseball stadiums to observe and record the cheering activities around the stadiums. Also invited spectators to conduct questionnaire surveys on social networking sites and at the game site to obtain participants' feelings and opinions on cheering culture and sports tourism. Research results show that modern electronic music cheering is more popular than traditional methods. Through the leadership of the cheerleading team, the fans can be more involved in the game atmosphere and improve the viewing experience. Among them, the audience cares most about It is the cheerleading team's ability to create atmosphere and the creation of cheering slogans. The most important point of a professional baseball game is of course the performance of the players themselves, but there are still about one-fifth of the audience who come simply for cheerleaders and have changed their support team for specific cheerleader member. The results of this study can allow each team to think about how to expand the appeal of their cheerleader teams to fans.