加拿大Metis原住民族的自治區－歷史回顧及政治過程的觀察

Alberta Metis Settlements in Canada

施正鋒(Cheng-Feng Shih)

《台灣原住民族研究學報》 4卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 169-202

摘要

加拿大Alberta省議會在1990年通過四項法案，確立該省Metis的自治權、土地權、以及資源管理權，這是在加拿大唯一以省的法案來提供原住民自治的省份。目前，該省總共有八個Metis自治區，稱為Alberta Metis墾殖地。在這裡，初步介紹歷史背景後，我們先將從政治過程考察族人的自治是如何達成的，接著，我們考察自治協定的內容，包括自治結構、土地權與資源權、共管機制、成員資格的決定、財源與經濟發展、以及過渡時期的安排，最後再作初步的評估。

關鍵字

Alberta Metis墾殖地 ； 原住民族自治 ； 加拿大

並列摘要

The Alberta Provincial Assembly passed the Metis Settlements Act and three other acts in 1990 and thus assured the Metis their rights to self-rule, lands, and resource management. This is the only case where provincial legislations are enlisted to support indigenous self-government in Canada. We shall start with a brief review of historical backgrounds to the Metis' struggle for entrenching their indigenous rights. Secondly, we will endeavor to look into how the political agreements have been reached between the Metis and the provincial government. Thirdly, we will investigate the contents of the Metis government, including self-rule structure, land rights, resource rights and co-management, membership, fiance and economic development, and transitional arrangements. Finally, we will offer some tentative conclusions.

並列關鍵字

Alberta Metis Settlements ； indigenous self-government ； Canada