眷村、博物館與性別：論龜山眷村故事館之性別展演

Military Dependents Village, Museum and Gender: The Gender Performance of the Gueishan Military Dependents Village Museum

江濡因(Ju-Yin Chiang) ； 陳佳利(Chia-Li Chen)

《博物館與文化》 2期 (2011/12) Pp. 53-87

https://doi.org/10.29997/JMC.201112.0002

摘要

為引介博物館性別議題，並探討近年來興起之眷村博物館的建構脈絡，本研究以桃園縣龜山鄉的眷村故事館為個案。運用參與觀察、訪談與展示分析方法，探討眷村故事館之建構歷程、展示敘事手法及展示之性別意象。本文追溯眷村故事館的發展肇始，瞭解策展成員不是從小就在龜山或眷村成長，而是於眷村文化保存的風潮中，紛紛定居龜山，期望開創自己的「家鄉」，建立非血親組成的「家庭」。在展示論述上，策展成員重視眷村日常生活，試圖顛覆從國軍遷徙史出發的眷村論述。她們採取「把他鄉變故鄉」作為展示主軸，大量以居民曾使用的老文物拼貼眷村家庭場景，形塑出美好且純樸的眷村意象，也製造家務勞動與軍旅生活的痕跡，勾起人們對「勞動鄉愁」之追憶，召喚對眷村的懷念與認同。可惜，此種展示與敘事手法，同時強化了二元的性別意象－如「男人管理，女人照護」、「男性軍旅、女性家庭」，將不對等的性別關係忽略或視為理所當然，較少表達遷徙對眷村女性所造成的衝擊、突顯更多元的眷村生活經驗與感受。

關鍵字

眷村 ； 展示性別 ； 龜山眷村故事館

並列摘要

In order to introduce the gender issues to the museum community, the Gueishan Military Dependents Village Museum is applied as the case study by participant observation and exhibition analysis. The paper discusses how the team members established the museum and how they constructed the narrative of the exhibition and displayed the gender images. From the interview data, it shows that the members of the Gueishan Military Dependents Village Museum do not live in the military dependent quarters nor did they grow up in Gueishan Township. They gathered here to establish their ＂hometown＂ and their ＂family＂ without any kinship. The exhibition adopts the concept of ＂changing others' hometown to their own hometown＂ by displaying a lot of household objects to reconstruct the nostalgia scene of the military families and primitive image of military village. Nevertheless, it enhances the traditional binary of gender images- such as men's role of pursuing professional career and women's role of taking care of family members. The display and narrative technique thus ignores some unequal relationship between the male and female and does not express the impacts, life experiences and feelings of the females in their migration to the military quarter.

並列關鍵字

Military Dependents Village ； exhibiting gender ； the Gueishan Military Dependents Village Museum