博物館中的文學聲景－試析聲音元素在文學展示中的角色與功能

Literature Soundscape in the Museum: On the Roles and Functions of Sound Elements in Literature Exhibitions

蔡振家(Chen-Gia Tsai) ； 陳佳利(Chia-Li Chen) ； 李捷葳(Chieh-Wei Lee)

《博物館學季刊》 24卷1期 (2010/01) Pp. 93-113+115

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.201001_24(1).0005

摘要

文學作品作為文學博物館的展示主體，它與聲音的關係特別密切，因此在展示時經常搭配著聲音與影片的播放，以增進觀眾的學習參觀經驗，形成博物館中獨特的「文學聲景」。本研究探討聲音元素在文學博物館展示中的角色與功能，並以國立臺灣文學館常設展「臺灣文學的發展」為個案，研究聲音元素於該常設展中的應用與意涵。文學博物館中的聲音元素，依照其與展品的關係遠近，可分為三個層次：聲音作為展品、聲音與其他元素結合成為展品、聲音與展品同屬特定的脈絡。從功能面來看，文學博物館中的聲音運用，不僅可以製造氛圍、影響觀眾的情緒與注意力、輔助敘事與體驗、喚起記憶，也能夠帶來各種時空經驗，而館方所舉辦的文學作品音樂會，則建構出一個開放詮釋的文學聲景，具有傳播與推廣文學作品的強大效果。最後，對於聲音應用於文學展示中的方式，本文也從觀眾的角度提出一些具體的建議。

關鍵字

文學聲景 ； 聲音與認知 ； 聲音展示應用 ； 文學博物館

並列摘要

Due to the close relationship between sound and literature, sound elements play important roles in exhibitions of the literature museum. Films and music are often played in the literature museum in order to enhance visitors' learning experiences, and thus create a unique literature soundscape. This paper aims at analyzing the roles and functions of sound elements in the literature museum, with ＂The Development of Taiwan Literature＂ (the permanent exhibition of the National Museum of Taiwan Literature) as a case study for exploring the implications and applications of sound elements. Drawing from examples of literature exhibitions, three relationships between the sound and the exhibition are distinguished: the sound itself as the exhibit, the sound combined with other elements as the exhibit, and the sound elements implying the exhibit context. Sound elements not only create the atmosphere of the exhibition but also change visitors' temporal and spatial experiences. Visitors' emotions, attention, narratives and memories are also influenced by sound elements. In addition, concerts held by the museum achieve the literature soundscapes that are open to various interpretations, and thereby help promoting and popularizing literature works. Lastly, this paper offers some suggestions for the applications of sound elements in exhibitions from visitors' perspectives.

並列關鍵字

literature soundscape ； sound and cognition ； applications of sound exhibition ； literature museum

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