從菁英觀點到多元論述－以321巷藝術聚落的保存與活化為例

Elitism to Pluralism: 321 Arts Village as Example

連子儀(Tzu-I Lien)

《博物館學季刊》 32卷4期 (2018/10) Pp. 5-21

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.201810_32(4).0001

摘要

文化遺產是集體記憶的見證。近來，文化遺產的保存，從菁英觀點式的論述，轉而越趨重視多元族群，以及常民的記憶發掘與補充。然而，執行層面上，臺灣現有的修復與再利用模式，卻往往難以兼顧多元記憶的保存。位於臺灣臺南市的321巷藝術聚落，早期除曾作為日本軍官宿舍及成功大學教師宿舍外，過去此區閒置的空間，亦曾是無家者的家。世代累進下，多元的歷史、記憶及其保存，提供此區在文化包容與民眾參與上，更廣的對話空間。曾歷經解編、拆除危機，由公民團體發起守護行動，而保存下來的321藝術聚落，目前以藝文團體修復協管的模式，透過低度修復再利用，保有了此區獨特的生活氛圍與記憶紋理。本研究自2011年起至今，透過長期田野觀察與資料蒐集的質化研究，針對臺南市政府文化局於2018年底啟動修復工程後，321巷日式宿舍群未來再利用的規劃，是否可以兼顧記憶的保存？以及當前文化遺產修回建造原點，抹去過去至今生活痕跡的修復模式，是否需要重新檢視等問題進行研究，並提出未來保存與發展方向的建議如下：1.多元記憶與在地歷史的採集；2.文化遺產修復模式的重新檢討；3.空間保存與再利用方式的反思。

關鍵字

精英與大眾 ； 321巷藝術聚落 ； 集體記憶

並列摘要

Cultural heritage is the testimony of collective memory. Currently, studies on cultural heritage are focused on the voices of multiple ethnic groups, as well as their memories, supplemented by cultural and historical buildings, rather than on the elite perceptions or discourses of the past. However, while implementing the restoration and reuse of cultural heritage, planners and executors are unable to preserve the memories of local people. In contrast is the restoration of the 321 Arts Village in Tainan City, Taiwan. This was originally a Japanese military dormitory. Later, it became a dormitory for National Cheng Kung University faculty and, finally, a neglected space. Alternative histories, memories, and conservation have led to cultural tolerance and local participation to encourage a broader dialogue. The 321 Arts Village, once at risk of being torn down, now possesses a unique environment and atmosphere, as well as valued memories, due to the actions of civic groups. It is co-managed by artists and the government. Since 2011, qualitative research methods have been employed in this study, including long-term field observations, semi-structured interviews, and data collection. The aim is to investigate if the restoration of the 321 Arts Village initiated by the Cultural Affairs Bureau of the Tainan City Government in 2018 simultaneously preserves the memories of the original Japanese military dormitory and if it is necessary to recover the original features of cultural heritage removed during restoration. Finally, recommendations are provided for the conservation and development of cultural heritage with respect to the collection of memories and histories of multiple ethnic groups, re-examination of the restoration mode of cultural heritage, and reflection on conservation and reuse of space.

並列關鍵字

elite and public ； 321 Arts Village ； collective memory

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