甜高粱與蘇丹草莖汁糖類之分析比較

Analysis and Comparison on Juice Sugar Contents of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)and Sudan Grass (Sorghum sudanense)

劉新裕(Sin-Yie Liu) ； 李秀美(Sioh-Mei Lee) ； 張英芬(Ing-Feng Chang) ； 張秉仁(Bing-Jen Chang)

《中華生質能源學會會誌》 28卷3&4期 (2009/12) Pp. 65-73

https://doi.org/10.6385/JBESC.200912.0065

摘要

生質酒精能源作物之發展不僅能達到生產替代能源及保護氣候穩定之政策需求，而且能促成農村經濟繁榮、穩定社會及增加就業機會。生質酒精能源作物之發展應以多樣化為原則，並以不影響國家糧食生產及安全供應為限。生質酒精能源作物之發展種類應儘量多樣化，在不與糧食作物競爭之前提下，甜高粱（Sorghum bicolor L. Moench）與蘇丹草（Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf.）等作物不失為極佳選擇。根據甜高粱與蘇丹草共15品系莖汁糖類之定性分析結果可知，甜高粱與蘇丹草莖汁的主要糖類為葡萄糖、果糖及蔗糖三種，其滯留時間分別為7.68、6.80及10.38分鐘。15品系中以9602品系的三種糖類含量最高，分別為40.678、43.858和40.164 mg/mL，總糖量高達124.7 mg/m；其次為SC-13之78.523 mg/mL與SOR002之78.049 mg/mL。儲存天數對甜高粱與蘇丹草莖汁糖類含量影響很大，儲存愈久（60天）蔗糖含量降幅愈大，高達100%；儲存天數愈久果糖含量與葡萄糖含量降低者各有8品系（53%）。甜高粱莖汁的糖類含量一般優於蘇丹草，惟蘇丹草中SS-9602品系的莖汁糖類含量表現亦不差。若要妥善利用甜高粱與蘇丹草的莖汁糖類，建議以採後榨汁即用為原則，或於儲存10天內使用較佳。

並列摘要

The production of energy plants not only can achieve the objectives of energy and climate protection policies, but also can attain important objectives in rural structure, i.e. attainment of new outlet markets, new forms and opportunity of employment, etc. Taking into consideration of each nation's food demand, policy of energy-plant production should be not in compete with cereal crops production. Then the promising species for bioethanol production may be suggested as followed: sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Sudan grass {Sorghum sudanense), etc. The analysis result of determining 15 strains of sweet sorghum and Sudan grass revealed the main carbohydrate components of stem juice were glucose, fructose and sucrose, having a retention time of 7.68, 6.80 and 10.38 minutes, respectively. Among 15 strains, 9602 had the highest contents of glucose, finctose and sucrose, with a value of 40.678, 43.858 and 40.164 mg/Ml, respectively, its total sugar amount was up to 124.7 mg/mL; Secondly were 78.523 mg/ mL of SC-13 and 78.049 mg/mL of SOR002. Storage time of stem juice exerted a tremendous influence on sugar contents. After 60 days storage the decreasing amplitude of sucrose was up to 100%; and the contents of fructose and glucose reduced 53%, respectively. The carbohydrate content of sweet sorghum juice was superior to the Sudan grass generally, only the performance of Sudan grass SS-9602 strain was not so bad when compared to sweet sorghum. To utilize the stem juice of both grass properly, it is better to use juice promptly after harvesting and squeezing or juice only stored within 10 days.