A checklist of the cantharid beetles of Taiwan, including four subfamilies, 21 genera, and 165 species, is presented. Chinese names, synonyms, original references, type localities, type depositories, and distributions are provided. Podabrus (Anolisus) bicoloripes (Pic, 1927) and Micropodabrus pieli (Pic, 1937) were removed from the fauna of Taiwan. A new combination is also proposed: Walteriella brunnea (Wittmer 1955), comb. nov., was transferred from Lycocerus Gorham, 1889.