失婚婦女支持團體之成效評估

Evaluation on the Effectiveness of Support Groups for the Divorced Women

鐘文君 ； 李麗雲

《社會工作實務與研究學刊》 4期 (2017/06) Pp. 85+87+89-106

https://doi.org/10.6690/JSWPR.2017.4.4

摘要

女性在傳統社會風氣中，遭遇丈夫外遇或婚姻關係問題，常常不知向誰啟齒，獨自走出困境者非常不易。本研究依據復原力理論及充權之觀點，檢視失婚婦女在重建歷程中困境之改善。此方案採取團體工作方法，促動個案之復原力，協助失婚婦女們重建自尊，體驗新的生命經驗，建立社會支持系統。本研究以方案評估前後測的方式來進行成效評量，團體一開始時，成員參與團體前測，團體結束後，再進行後測。本方案以整體平均數做為方案整體效益之分析。平均數越高，代表困擾越嚴重，完成前測、後測之成員共計80位。研究結果發現，成員未參與團體之前，所評量的困擾分數結果均高，參加支持團體後，每個項目的平均值皆有下降，顯示成員參與團體後，得到許多的支持、肯定及改變。依據本方案之執行成果及實務經驗，本研究建議從事婦女工作者，可以有下列努力方向﹕1.培育有經驗的單親婦女成為陪伴支持者。2.整合及聯結社會資源，協助婦女抒緩經濟困境。3.依據成員的屬性，發展不同的充權策略，提升復原力。

關鍵字

離婚婦女 ； 支持團體 ； 復原力 ； 充權

並列摘要

The women in southern Taiwan, where traditional values and conservative attitudes prevail, often do not know whom to turn to when they are faced with the infidelity in their husbands or other marital relationship problems; thus, most of them may find it very difficult to get out of their predicaments by themselves. This program, based on resilience theory and the empowerment perspective, is aimed at helping divorced women handle difficult situations in the rebuilding process. The method of social group work is adopted to promote the resilience of the subjects, which further helps divorced women rebuild their self-esteem, create positive family experiences, and establish a strong social support system. To evaluate the effectiveness of social group work, a service needs assessment scale is designed by the researchers and completed by the subjects in the pretest. Whenever a group work session ends, the subjects are asked whether they feel the need to attend follow-up sessions. If the subjects find their situations improved, they are requested to complete the same scale in the posttest. The average points of the items in the pretest and those in the posttest are compared and analyzed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The higher an average point is, the severer the subjects find their problems. A total of 80 subjects are measured in both the pretest and the posttest. The results show that the subjects have held a more negative attitude towards their problems before attending the group work sessions and that the average points of the items on the scale they complete after having joined the support group become lower on the whole. Evidently, by attending the group work sessions, the subjects have received strong support and recognition and undergone positive change, which enables them to find the best ways of dealing with their personal, family, marital, or parenting problems. On the basis of the empirical evidence, the present study suggests social work practitioners involved in women's issues should 1)Cultivate experienced single-parent women as accompany supporters. 2) Integrate and link social resources to help women alleviate economic difficulties. 3) Develop different empowerment strategies to improve resilience according to the attributes of members.

並列關鍵字

divorced women ； support groups ； resilience ； empowerment

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