個人懷舊傾向與神經性人格特質對地方連結之影響

地方連結是人與地點之間的特殊情感連結。許多學者認為這種情感對人們有正面的影響，如提高生活品質與增加社會資產等，並且也可以將之視為環境規劃管理上的重要指標。懷舊主要是指個體渴望過去環境的一種情感，也常被認為與地方連結有關。過去研究已證實當個體對於一個地點的地方情感連結程度越高時，對該地點會有較高的懷舊情感，但對於懷舊與地方連結之的關係機制仍不清楚。文獻中已知對地點或事物的忠誠情感的形成會受到個體的人格特質所影響；同樣地，懷舊情感的形成也會受到個體的懷舊傾向所影響。然而地方情感連結與懷舊傾向的關係卻少有人討論。因此本研究嘗試從人格特質的角度，來探討其與懷舊傾向與地方連結兩者的關係。本研究使用五大人格特質量表中的神經質構面來探討地方連結與懷舊傾向間的關係，推論神經質特質的個體較容易發展出懷舊傾向特質。而由於懷舊傾向高的人被視為是需要歸屬且情緒不穩定的，而在過去研究中又指出地方連結可以做為提供歸屬感的來源，因此本實驗推論懷舊傾向較高的人會較傾向於與地點建立較強烈的情感。結果證實懷舊傾向較高者，較容易導致個體與特定地點建立較強的情感。本研究成果除可補充地方連結與懷舊情感在理論基礎上的不足，亦可使景觀規劃、設計及管理者在現今以人為本的環境營造中瞭解使用者對於空間的潛在性需求。

關鍵字

地方連結；懷舊傾向；人格特質

並列摘要

Place bonding is a special emotional link between people and place. Many scholars suggested such bonding could have positive influences on people, such as improving the quality of life, or protecting environment. Therefore, place bonding has been considered as an important indicator for environment management; and the related concept. Nostalgia is individuals' desire for emotion generated in the past, which is compared with place bonding frequently. Studies have shown that place bonding and nostalgia might be positively correlated, however, the exact relationship is still not clear. Place bonding means the specific emotion between people and place. Many literatures have suggested that emotion would affect people in great way, like improving the quality of life and increasing social assets. Place bonding also is an important indicator of environmental planning management. Nostalgia is an affection about desiring past environment, and it also has relationship with place bonding. Existing researched improved that the personal traits would influence the forming of emotional loyalty toward places or objects. Similarly, the forming of nostalgic emotion would be influenced by ones' nostalgia proneness, as an individual trait is often to use to discuss the influence factor of personality traits. However, the relationship between place bonding and nostalgia proneness is rarely being discussed. It is the focus of this study to understand the aforementioned relationships by personality. Using the neuroticism of Big Five personality traits, the study explored the relationships between place bonding and nostalgia proneness. People with high nostalgia proneness tend to be emotionally instable and longing for belongingness. Besides, place bonding has been considered to be an important source of sense of belonging. Therefore, this study hypothesized that people with higher nostalgia proneness people would tend to develop stronger emotional to place. The results confirm that nostalgia proneness is positively correlated with ones' emotional place bonding. The results of this study may contribute to the basic theories about place bonding and nostalgia proneness. Besides, the results may also help landscape planners, designers and managers to understand the potential demand of different users.