受苦的上帝：阿奎那與近現代神學的衝突

The Suffering God: the Conflict between Aquinas and Modern Theology

方鎮明(FONG Chun Ming)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 30期 (2009/01) Pp. 199-231

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

三一上帝 ； 受苦 ； 不能轉變 ； 沒有感受 ； 十字架事件

並列摘要

Aquinas thinks that God is a ＂simple being＂ and immutable. According to this metaphysical principle, he holds that God's being is impassible. He does not and is unable to suffer with humans. God keeps all his absolute happiness eternally. Moreover, The Scripture's saying ＂God loves us,＂ is merely a figurative speech. It does not refer to God, like humans, having human feeling and capable of suffering, but refers to God's willingness and his action to save and diminish sufferings and pains. Besides, when God allows his beloved believers suffer, his purpose is to purify humans' evil desires and actions as well as to push them to contemplate God. It is through this goal that Aquinas consoles the afflicted believers. In the nineteenth century, modern theologians prefers that a trustworthy God has to be passionate. He is involved in suffering and suffers with the afflicted. The awakening is due to a modem theological trend. This trend tends to understand God's reality and absolute happiness in terms of God's historical saving action rather than abstract metaphysical principle. It is suggested that God's immutablilty and his passion can be separated. According to this trend, God's action in the ＂Christ's event＂ is reinterpreted. In this action, the three persons of the Trinity God participate in human suffering in terms of their own distinctive and related methods. For example, the Son comes upon the afflicted in an extremely humble way; the Father with a passionate action; and the Spirit with the lovely impulse in their heart. ＂Christ's event＂ manifests that the three persons do not avoid sufferings, but are involved unselfishly in the sufferings of the afflicted. We are thus assured that the glory of God is below with us.

並列關鍵字

Trinity ； Suffering ； Immutable ； Impassible ； Christ's Event