阿哩原來是荷馬！－明清傳教士筆下的荷馬及其史詩

Homer and His Epics in Late Imperial China

李奭學(LI Sher-shiueh)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 37期 (2012/07) Pp. 241-275

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

荷馬 ； 史詩 ； 高一志 ； 郭實獵 ； 艾約瑟

並列摘要

This paper discusses Homer as portrayed by Catholic and Protestant missionaries in late imperial China. One of Homer's legends, retold in Plutrach's Moralia, did appear in 1636 in one of Alfonso Vagnone's Chinese chreiai. Here Homer is transliterated as Amoru, most likely following the Italian pronunciation of his name. Homer then reappeared in the early Qing: this time it was the French Jesuit Joseph de Premare who referred to him and his epics. Homer's literary reputation suffered greatly from Premares introduction, which presented the poet largely as a maker of superstitious tales. The first Christian priest who treated Homer as the greatest poet in the West was Karl Friedrich August Gützlaff. Yet the most ambitious Protestant missionary to promote Homer was Joseph Adkins, who in 1857 wrote the first essay on Greek literature, with Homer as one of his heroes. He also published a biography of the epic poet in the same year. Adkins' work discusses the life of Homer and his epics and even analyzes the Greek prosody of Homer's epics in Chinese. For Catholic missionaries, Homer was chiefly a poet who recited allegorical stories, but for Protestant missionaries in the 19th century, Homer became a great epic poet. Adkins' inclusion of Homer in a book about Greek history even demonstrates the perception that he was relevant to the political reforms of the Qing. No missionary thought it appropriate to put Homer's epics into Chinese Before the Republican era, only retellings of Homeric stories had been translated into Chinese. No authentic translation of Homer by Christian priests existed at the turn of the 20th century.

並列關鍵字

Homer ； Epic ； Alfonso Vagnone ； Karl Friedrich August Gützlaff ； Joseph Edkins