It is well argued that Alfonso Vagnoni produced Illustrations of the Grand Dao mainly based on the works of Plutarch and Aelian. For much of what is contained in this book come nearly out of them. However, it is also obviously noticeable that Alfonso Vagnoni makes alterations or additions against Plutarch and Aelian at times. Starting from two examples, given in Illustrations of the Grand Dao, the author shows that his alterations and additions should be considered to originate from those apophthegmata edited and written by Conrad Lycosthenes. It means that we should take Lycosthenes' apopothegmata or something similar, rather than the works of Plutarch and Aelian, as the reference books which Alfonso Vagnoni uses.