台灣嘉義地區骨質疏鬆症風險因子研究

A Survey of Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in Chiayi City, Taiwan

陳嘉宏(Chia-Hung Chen)

《臺灣醫事放射期刊》 8卷2期 (2020/12) Pp. 1-6

https://doi.org/10.6717/JTMRT.202012_8(2).0001

摘要

骨質疏鬆症僅次於心血管疾病，是全球第二大的重要流行病。國民營養健康狀況變遷調查報告（NAHSIT 2015-2018）指出，對2132位50歲以上之民眾透過雙能量X光吸收儀（dual energy X-ray absorptiometry，DXA）量測其骨質密度。在腰椎、股骨頸和前臂至少有一個部位符合骨質疏鬆症診斷為定義下，結果發現伴隨年紀增加，骨質疏鬆症發生率隨之增加，且女性比例高於男性：50-64歲男女分別為4.6%、6.8%；65-74歲男女分別為5.7%、18.3%；75歲以上男女分別為19.4%、29.3%。本研究旨在調查台灣嘉義地區骨質疏鬆症之風險因子。問卷設計將骨質疏鬆症風險因子分為五類：一般類、生活型態類、飲食營養類、藥物類以及疾病類，在2017年6月至2018年5月期間中，針對接受雙能量X光吸收儀骨質密度檢查之健檢及門住診病人，且臨床診斷標準適用T值評估者，隨機收集問卷並簽署同意書共800份。利用統計方法分析風險因子強度，探討對骨密度之影響。分類為低骨量或骨質不足的族群中，統計數據顯示：現在有喝茶的習慣（OR=0.27）、父母曾被診斷骨質疏鬆症或曾因輕微跌倒而骨折（OR=6.44）、胃出血及潰瘍（OR=7.05）與骨密度有顯著相關（P＜0.05）。分類為骨質疏鬆症的族群中：年齡（OR=1.14）、身體質量指數（OR=0.77）、性別（男vs.女）（OR=0.07）、父母曾被診斷骨質疏鬆症或曾因輕微跌倒而骨折（OR=14.58）、胃出血及潰瘍（OR=9.73）與骨密度有顯著相關（P＜0.05）。

關鍵字

骨質疏鬆症 ； 低骨量 ； 骨密度 ； 雙能量X光吸收儀

並列摘要

NAHSIT 2015-2018 report shows: the bone mineral density (BMD) of 2132 people over the age of 50 were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). At least one part of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and forearm meets the definition of osteoporosis diagnosis, the incidence of osteoporosis was 4.6% and 6.8% for men and women aged 50-64; 5.7% and 18.3% for men and women aged 65-74; 19.4% and 29.3% for men and women over 75 years old. This study was designed to survey risk factors of osteoporosis in Chia-Yi city, Taiwan. The risk factors of osteoporosis are divided into five categories - general, lifestyle, diet, drugs, and disease. In this study, we investigate the effect of the above risk factors on bone mineral density (BMD). The collection of questionnaires and consent forms signed by a total of 800 copies in randomize from June 2017 to May 2018. All of the subjects are applicable in clinical diagnostic criteria for T score assessment. In osteopenia populations, statistics show that habit of drinking tea (OR=0.27), parents had been diagnosed with osteoporosis or had suffered a minor falls and fractures (OR=6.44), stomach bleeding / ulcers (OR=7.05) are significant predictors to BMD (P＜0.05). In osteoporosis populations, statistics show that age (OR=1.14), body mass index (OR=0.77), gender (OR=0.07), parents had been diagnosed with osteoporosis or had suffered a minor falls and fractures (OR=14.58), stomach bleeding / ulcers (OR=9.73) are significant predictors to BMD (P＜0.05).

並列關鍵字

osteoporosis ； osteopenia ； BMD ； DXA