《世說新語》之篇章結構與敘事話語研究

A Study on Narrative Discourse in Shih-Shuo Hsin-Yu

尤雅姿(Yu Ya-Tzu)

《成大中文學報》 48期 (2015/03) Pp. 1-34

摘要

《世說新語》是志人小說體的經典鉅作，其短捻小摘，分類繫事的寫作體例為人物美學為宗的軼事體小說奠定了百代基礎，而其高簡有法，沖澹雋永的敘事筆法，既發揚了以精約為美的史筆風格，也從容生動地攝寫了魏晉名士的風情勝韻。本文首先說明《世說新語》在史傳敘事脈絡下的審美化敘事走向，其次比較《世說新語》和裴啟《語林》在敘寫上的精粗異同，以徵其青出於藍的志人藝巧。在篇章結構上則利用「巨群結構」論點解說《世說新語》網絡通達，科條縷析的門類體例。有關敘事話語的闡述則利用西方敘事學作為分析工具，依次從旁觀者的敘事立場、主客觀交錯的畫面配置、片刻駐留的敘事步調等法度，說明《世說新語》如何實踐它冷提忙點，靈秀醞藉，有情有味的小說美學。

關鍵字

世說新語 ； 篇章結構 ； 敘事話語 ； 志人小說 ； 劉義慶

並列摘要

A classic of Chinese fiction of personalities' anecdotes, ＂Shih-Shuo Hsin-Yu＂ was compiled by Liu I-Chin-led group in Nan Dynasty (403 to 444 AD) with a total of approximately sixty thousand and nine hundred words in 1131 entries. Over ninety percent of the pieces in the book are written in merely a hundred words, which provide vivid imagery of characters and manifestation on customs in the Wei-Jing era. Simple yet meaningful, its narrative writing style has established a brand-new accomplishment of narration. Through the ages, studies on the fiction work have been focusing mostly on the history and its personalities, which are studies on the contents of stories; however, there are fewer studies focusing on its narrative technique. Hence this article will refer to western contemporary theory of narration in coordination with indigenous concept of Chinese narration to explore the narrative language of ＂Shih-Shuo Hsin-Yu＂, with analysis on its five expressive features in the following order: 1) enlarging scale of trivia narration, 2) interlacing network of 36 genre, 3) indifferent narration and technique of remarks, 4) interchanging subjective and objective viewpoint and settings, 5) narrating pace of still moments.

並列關鍵字

Shih-Shuo Hsin-Yu ； Narratology ； Discourse ； Anecdotes

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