論李白詩的格律意識

李白被認為是詩以、是奇才，為詩不事文律、不中法度、不受格律約束，所謂「不得以格律繩」者。本文因此推演16個標準格律譜，以說明格律譜是如何被定格定調而成譜的，據以考察李白對近體詩各種格律變化與活用的瞭解度、與精細度。再依筆者蒐尋《李太白全集》合乎標準聲律者得72首、刻意變化活用「單抝單救」者27首、「雙抝雙救」者25首、「折腰體」24首，總共得146首，用以驗正李白對各種格律正變的掌控程度。結果發現其對詩律的各種規律與變化都瞭然於胸，尤其在大醉之後，格律更見峻整細密，可見其腦中存在深厚的格律意識，證明說他不事文律、不中法度、不受格律約束是不精確的。

關鍵字

李白；格律；抝救；失黏；折腰體

並列摘要

Some scholars argue that the work of Li Bai, one of the most renowned Chinese poets, ＂cannot be bound and regulated in terms of verse forms＂ because he has used none of the standard forms in his poems. However, This paper has developed a list of sixteen tonal and rhyming patterns as a standard model, it is to examine Li Bai's understanding and application of various verse forms in Jin Ti shi (modern form poetry). This paper has collected 146 poems from Li Tai bai quan ji (The Complete Works of Li Taibai), with 72 of them composed in normal verse forms, 27 following the principle of dan Ao Dan Jiu (single change single remedy), 25 the principle of Shuang Ao Shuang Jiu (twice-change-twice-remedy), and 24 the of Che Yao Ti (bent waist form), to examine Li Bai's command of various forms of poetry. The results indicate that Li Bai was familiar with a number of different verse forms, and that this is clearest in the poems he composed when drunk. It is thus evident that Li Bai was aware of verse forms as a poet, and thus it is not true that he followed no rules in composing his works.