創傷、認同與華教記憶：論馬華漢詩人管震民

1940－1960年代馬來半島經歷了動盪與變革，期間馬華漢詩寫作交織著複雜的身分認同、文化想像與地方感。本文以檳城鍾靈中學華文教師管震民（1880－1962）為對象，探討他的漢詩寫作如何走過日據時期，由英殖民地邁向獨立建國的進程裡，賡續的漢詩風雅和文教理想，以及變動時局的身分認同與轉換。本文探究和論證以下兩個面向：一、馬華南來教師的漢詩寫作，凸顯了對華校和華人戰爭受難經驗的處理，以及檳城華人二戰集體記憶的形塑。這形成管震民面對文教理想、身分轉折和地方意識獨特的寫作境遇。二、1950年代以後，馬來亞面對脫離殖民地，進入新興民族國家的建立。管震民漢詩從離散到扎根，在國家教育語言與民族精神開展的新局裡，見證了家國認同的轉向和自我安頓。

關鍵字

馬華漢詩；舊體詩；鍾靈中學；管震民；文化記憶

並列摘要

Guan Zhen Min (1880-1962), a Chinese teacher at Chung Ling High School in Penang, Malaysia. He keeps continue his Chinese classical poetry through the Japanese occupation in Malay Peninsula, from British colonialism to independent statehood, and how his identity was transformed in the changing times. This paper explores and argues for the two aspects: first, the trauma of the war on individuals and Chinese education is highlighted in the Chinese poetry writing of Southbound Chinese writers in Malaya, who deal with the Chinese school and the Chinese experience of suffering, as well as the shaping of the collective memory of the Penang Chinese in World War II. This is the unique situation in which Guan's writing is confronted with literary and educational ideals, identity transitions, and local consciousness. After the 1950s, Malaya was faced with the emergence of a new nation-state, free from colonialism. Guan's Chinese poetry, from diasporic state of mind to rootedness, witnessed a shift in national identity and self-settlement in the new situation of the development of the nation's educational language and national spirit.

並列關鍵字

Malaysian Chinese Classical Poetry ； Old Style Poetry ； Chung Ling High School ； Guan Zhen Min ； Cultural Memory

參考文獻

崔貴強：《新馬華人國家認同的轉向 1945-1959（修訂卷）》，新加坡：新加坡青年書局，2007。Choi Kwai Keong, Xin Ma Hua Ren Guo Jia Ren Tong De Zhuan Xiang 1945-1959 Xiu Ding Juan [The Transition of Singapore and Malaysian Chinese National Identity 1945-1959 (Revised)] (Singapore: The Youth Book Co., 2007).

Google Scholar

陳平、伊恩沃德（Ian Ward）、諾瑪米拉佛洛爾（Norma Miraflor）著，方山等譯：《我方的歷史》，新加坡：Media Masters Pte Ltd.，2004。Chin Peng, Ian Ward & Norma Miraflor, Wo Fang De Li Shi [My Side of History] trans. by Fang Shan at el. (Singapore: Media Masters Pte. Ltd., 2004).