臺灣地區褐飛蝨猖獗要因之分析

ANALYSIS ON THE MAJOR FACTORS CAUSING THE ERUPTIVE OCCURRENCE OF THE BROWN PLANTHOPPER IN TAIWAN

劉清和(Ching-Ho Liu)

《中華昆蟲》 8卷2期 (1988/09) Pp. ap6+119-129

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1988013

摘要

根據1978，1983，1985年7～8月份溫濕度變化情形及該年第二期作水稻褐飛蝨猖獗程度，加以分析比較，發現臺灣地區褐飛蝨在第二期作水稻發生猖獗與否，主要視7～8月間，通過臺灣東北及西南部颱風之頻度、行徑及颱風間夾雜熱帶性低氣壓籠罩臺灣上空之天候而定。當7～8月間，有3～4次以上颱風，通過臺灣東北部或西南部，且二次颱風間，熱帶性低氣壓連續籠罩臺灣上空之年份，7～8月份之平均氣溫在28C以下，相對濕度在80%以上時，便具備了褐飛蝨長距離遷入臺灣及遷入後立足本地區繁殖之天候，於是該年提早猖獗大發生。反之，7～8月間，影響臺灣地區之颱風少於三次，且颱風之行進方向為直往中國大陸，並不屬於通過臺灣東北部而轉往日本方向行進之颱風，而且在7月下旬至8月中旬，完全無颱風過境時，臺灣上空均在高氣壓籠罩下，呈現高溫、低濕（80%以下）之天候。此種年份，褐飛蝨遷入臺灣之機會少而且無適合該蟲立足繁殖之條件，該年褐飛蝨便不可能猖獗大發生。

並列摘要

Changes of temperature and humidity during July to August and occurrence of BPH in the 2nd rice crop in 1978, 1983, 1985 were recorded. The eruptive occurrence of BPH in the 2nd rice crop depend on the number and tracks of typhoon passing through the north-east and south-west wards of Taiwan, and on the tropical low pressure above Taiwan between typhoon during July to August. In some year, 3-4 typhoons came during July to August and tropical low pressure above Taiwan between each typhoons. The outbreak of BPH occurred. The mean temperature was below 28 C and relative humidity over 80% in that time. Such weather condition was optimum for long-distance migration and reproduction of BPH. Therefore, the BPH outbroke. On the contrary, 2~3 typhoons attacked Taiwan during July to August but those typhoon tracks moved to mainland China, not passing through north-east ward of Taiwan, and no typhoon through Taiwan during post-July to mid-August. In that time, the high pressure was above Taiwan. The temperature was very high and relative humidity below 80%. Such climate condition was not suitable for the long-distance migration and reproduction of BPH. Therefore, the eruption occurrence of BPH in the 2nd rice crop was impossible.