八星虎甲蟲複眼之研究

Studies on the Compound Eyes of Cicindela aurulenta Fabricus (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)

蔡在壽(Tzay-Show Tsai) ； 李琦玫(Chi-Mei Lee) ； 林金盾(Jin-Tun Lin) ； 吳京一(Chin-Yih Wu)

《中華昆蟲》 15卷3期 (1995/09) Pp. iii+203-213

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1995019

摘要

八星虎甲蟲(Cicindela aurulenta)具有兩個特別巨大的複眼，凸出於頭部兩側，每個複眼由5,300±120個的小眼(ommatidia)組成。每個小眼的視網膜層(retinular layer)長度約為300-400μm，最頂端的直徑約為30-40μm。小眼有角膜晶體(corneal lens)，圓錐晶體(crystalline cone)，色素細胞(pigment cells)，視細胞(retinula cells)及集中型桿狀體(fused rhabdom)等構造。每個小眼中的八個視細胞不在同一層面上：從圓錐晶體的下緣15μm處橫切，可以看到七個視細胞，其中有一個具有細胞核的稱為頂端視細胞(apical retinula cell)，其餘六個為中間視細胞(middle retinula cell)；若從圓錐晶體下緣40μm處橫切，也可以看到七個視細胞，其中有六個具有細胞核的為中間視細胞，只有一個不具細胞核的為頂端視細胞，它們形成一束桿狀體；若從圓錐晶體下緣300μm處橫切，也可以看到七個視細胞，其中有六個中間視細胞分散在四周，不具細胞核及桿狀體，而一個位於中央且具桿狀體的為底端視細胞(basal retinula cell)。用視網膜電圖(ERG)測定複眼對不同波長單色光的反應，結果獲得兩個尖峰型的複眼分光感度曲線(spectral sensitivity curve)，證明八星虎甲蟲的複眼至少能感知二種波長範圍的光波，即紫外光範圍(最敏感波長為370nm) 和綠色光範圍(最敏感波長為530nm)。

關鍵字

八星虎甲蟲 ； 複眼 ； 視網膜電圖 ； 分光感度曲線

並列摘要

The tiger beetle, Cicindela aurulenta, has two prominently large compound eyes, one protruding from each side of its head. Each eye consists of 5,300±120 ommatidia. The retinal length and the diameter of each ommatidium are about 300-400μm and 30-40μm, respectively. Each ommatidium is composed of a corneal lens, crystalline cone, pigment cells, retinula cells and fused rhabdom. The arrangement of the eight retinula cells of the ommatidium is not on the same plane. Seven cells were found in the cross-section at 15μm under the lower end of the crystalline cone: one nucleated cell is the apical retinula cell and six non-nucleated cells are the middle retinula cells. Cross-section at 40μm from the crystalline cone revealed there are seven cells, however, the six middle cells have nuclei while the single apical cell does not. Cutting at 300 μm from the crystalline cone, seven cells were also found but the six middle cells were arranged in circular form and located eccentrally. The centrally located cell with rhabdom is the basal retinula cell. The responses of the compound eyes to light of various wavelengths were tested by electroretinograph (ERG) and two peaks of spectral sensitivity curves were found. Results show that the compound eyes of the tiger beetle can respond to at least two wavelengths of light, ultraviolet (370nm) and green light (530 nm).

並列關鍵字

Cicindela aurulenta Fabricus ； compound eye ； ERG ； spectral sensitivity curves