多元文化主義關於認同問題之探討

在現代化之潮流中，西方文化挾其科技與經濟優勢向世界各地散播，並依其優越感而自居於「主流文化」，對非西方的文化乃以「救贖性」之姿態表示「尊重」和「包容」，掀起非西方世界社群對自有（本土）文化特質之重新審視。多元文化主義之內涵至今尚未有較精準之定義，研究的面向亦各有不同，本文之重點環繞對文化之多元性差異與尊重並肯認該文化之價值為主軸，而各社群文化在相互接觸時所發生某些融合或興替現象，致社群與社群或社群之內部成員間對所屬文化產生認同之問題，其間包含知識論上之爭辯、優劣文化之選擇權、認同上之障礙等問題。本文試將多元文化主義在認同問題之可能議題提列討論，並對多元文化主義將來之展望於結論之段落中梗概描繪。

關鍵字

多元主義；多元文化；多元文化主義；多元文化主義認同；主流文化；自由主義；社群主義

並列摘要

Western culture, which held his technological and economic advantages, had spread around the world in the trend of modernization, and thought only he himself as the ＂Dominant Culture ＂ by the sense of superiority . Moreover, he took it for granted that he is the ＂Salvation＂ to non-Western cultures area, so that all non-Western cultural world should base on gesture of ＂respect＂ and ＂containment＂ to admire and gratitude this Hegemony. This trend of modernization set off non-Western communities (indigenous) re-examine their self- cultural raits and roots to meet the influence of the trend. ＂Multiculturalism＂ hasn't more precision of defines yet. And various study had studied in different fields on this issue as we know. This paper surrounds on and emphasizes on what the phenomenon of identification will become while both cultures encounter each other? The outcome will come to some fusion? or will arise a substitute in mutual contact? or will produce internal identification of problem ?We are interested in the identification problem not only between the community and community, but also if there still has the identification problem of internal members between on belongs culture. Multiculturalism in this paper will be discussed in the identification of possible themes, and to look to the future of multiculturalism in the concluding paragraphs of synopsis description.