《山海經》圖像的奇幻修辭

Fantasy Rhetoric of Shan Hai Jing Images

周見信(Zhou Jian Xin)

《竹蜻蜓．兒少文學與文化》 6期 (2020/06) Pp. 289-337

https://doi.org/10.6738/bdclc.202006_(6).0007

摘要

圖像閱讀在二十一世紀的現今成為顯學，不論是圖畫書的盛行，或影像產業的蓬勃發展。另一個引人關注的是奇幻文本，此類文本在當代成為人類幻想力生根成長的沃土。回看奇幻文本的根源，中西各有其馳騁的疆土，尤其是圖像表現更直接衝擊觀看者的視覺與意識。奇幻文本的迷人之處在於魔法、第二世界與異類共同架構下的象徵世界，而其中異類圖像的意義是人類潛意識原型、社會文化集體累積與創作者個人賦予的共同融合。異類圖像的再現何以造成人們心理的驚異感？創作者又以何種手段創造此類圖像？先秦古籍《山海經》中記載著四百多個神怪異獸，為此類研究的重要寶庫。本文以《山海經》中的異類圖像為觀察範圍，取道符號學與分析心理學，從古典文本上探問初民在異類圖像上的操作與脈絡；再從中歸納分析出製造異類圖像的聚合形式與組合形式，及其在不同時代、不同載體上的圖像表現；最終整理出異類圖像的創作與分解模組，並期望藉此提供創作者創作異類圖像上的參考及更多開展的可能。

關鍵字

山海經 ； 奇幻修辭 ； 符號 ； 圖像

並列摘要

Image reading has become a manifestation in the 21st century, whether it is the prevalence of picture books or the flourishing development of the imaging industry. Another eye-catching feature is the fantasy text, which has become a fertile ground for human fantasy to grow up in the modern era. Looking back at the roots of fantasy texts, both China and the West have their own territories, especially the image performance directly impacts the viewer's vision and consciousness. The fascination of fantasy text lies in the symbolic world under the common structure of magic, the second world and the heterogeneous structure. The meaning of the heterogeneous image is the common fusion of the human subconscious prototype, the collective accumulation of social culture and the individual creator. How does the reproduction of heterogeneous images cause people's psychological surprises? What methods does the creator use to create such images? In the pre-Qin ancient book Shan Hai Jing, there are more than 400 monsters and animals, which are important treasures for such research. This paper takes the heterogeneous images in Shan Hai Jing as the observation range, takes the semiotics and analytical psychology, and explores the operation and context of the first generation on the heterogeneous images from the classical texts. Then it analyzes the aggregation of the heterogeneous images. Forms and combinations, and their image representation in different eras and different carriers; finally collating the creation and decomposition modules of heterogeneous images, and hope to provide creators to create references on heterogeneous images and more Possible.

並列關鍵字

Shan Hai Jing ； fantasy rhetoric ； symbols ； images