社區推動海洋物種保育促進永續觀光之案例探討

The Case Studies of Sustainable Tourism Promoted with Marine Species Conservation by Community

羅柳墀(Liu-Chih Lo)

《社區永續觀光研究》 1卷1期 (2017/06) Pp. 23-46

https://doi.org/10.6744/SCTS.201706_1(1).0004

摘要

在全球物種日益消失的時候，物種的保育是受到世人的關注與支持的，尤其是瀕危的大型海洋動物，更吸引人們親眼目睹和親身體驗的願望，也因此成為大量遊客群聚探訪的地方，造成社區觀光的熱潮。鯨鯊、海豚和海龜是海洋大型動物也是各國公告的保育物種，更是目前最熱門的觀光明星動種。本研究於2016和2017年以現場參與調查法，在澳洲與菲律賓訪談調查社區與渡假村對推動海洋保育類物種的保育管理方式、遊客遊憩體驗和經濟效益評估做進一步的探討。發現經由社區推動物種的保育，不僅使瀕危物種得到友善的生存環境，遊客獲得親身的體驗並提高遊憩的滿意度，社區也因為觀光的熱潮使居民有充分就業的機會，並提高經濟收益促進生活品質的提升，是一舉多得的永續觀光經營模式。針對國內相關保育類動物資源豐富的社區，將可以此成功案例為借鏡，進行物種保育以促進社區觀光的永續發展。

關鍵字

物種保育 ； 遊憩體驗 ； 經濟效益 ； 野生動物觀光

並列摘要

Species conservation is a concern of and is supported by the people now that some species are vanishing from the earth, especially marine megafauna, which attract many people, who consider watching them a real experience. Hence there are many visitors eager to explore these wonders from the deep and tourist communities have become popular. Whale sharks, dolphins and sea turtles are the marine megafauna that are protected species by worldwide consensus. Now, they have become the most popular star-quality animals. This study was conducted with a participating survey in Australia and the Philippines in 2016 and 2017 to interview the communities and resorts about to promote conservation management of marine megafauna, recreational experiences for visitors and an evaluation of the economic benefits. We found that the endangered species live in friendly environments owing to species conservation promoted by communities, visitors with first-hand experience, ensuring higher recreational satisfaction. The opportunities for employing people in communities were increasing thanks to the popularity of tourism, therefore these people have more economic benefits to raise their living standards. There are multiple objectives in a sustainable recreational tourism management model. For the communities in Taiwan there are abundant resources of conservational animals that may serve as examples of successful cases of protecting species and promoting sustainable tourism development among divergent communities.

並列關鍵字

Species conservation ； recreational experience ； economic benefits ； wildlife tourism