唐代長安東北通勝州振武軍驛道考

The Post Road Leading From Chang-an Northeastward To Sheng Chou, And Chen-wu Chun In The Time Of T'ang

嚴耕望(Yen Keng-wang)

《新亞學報》 10卷1期(下) (1973/07) Pp. 233-248+ap8

並列摘要

The District of Ordos bend of the Yellow River 河套地區, which was the area north of Chang-an 長安, the imperial capital of T'ang Dynasty, was the first target of the northern barbarians who attempted to invade T'ang empire. So T'ang government garrisoned a great number of troops in this district and paid special attention to the communications linking Chang-an and the District of Ordos Bend of the Yellow River. There were three post roads, western road, central road and eastern road, connecting Chang An and the District of Ordos Bend of the Yellow River in the time of T'ang. In this article the author investigated the eastern road. This road began at Chang-an, led northward, passed Fang Chou 坊州 (the south of the present Huang-ling Hsien 黃陵縣), Fu Chou 鄜州 (now Fu Hsien 鄜縣), reached Yen Chou 延州 (the east of the present Yen-an Hsien 延安縣); then it led to the north with slightly eastward, passed Sui Chou 綏州 (now Sui-te Hsien 綏德縣), Yin Chou 銀州 (the south of Yü-ho Pao 魚河堡 which situated in the northwest of the present Mi-chih Hsien 米脂縣), Lin Chou 麟州 (now Shen-mu Hsien 神木縣), reached Sheng Chou 勝洲. This road ran for about 1860 li 里 with posts serving duties along the road. Sheng Chou situated by the southern bank of the Yellow River (now Min-sheng Ch'u 民生渠), and the east of the present Sa La Ch'i 薩拉齊; its longitude is about 111°E. By the northern bank of the Yellow River there was Tung Shou-chiang Cheng 東受降城 from which the road led to the east with slightly northward, reached Ch'an-yü Tu-hu Fu 單于都護府 (the south of the present Kuei-sui Hsien 歸綏縣) where T'ang government established Chen-wu Chun 振武軍 in the latter part of the Dynasty. The road led westward from Sheng Chou to Chung Shou-chiang Cheng 中受降城 where the T'ang government established An-pei Tu-hu Fu 安北都護府, its site was by the northern bank of the Yellow River (the present channel of the Yellow River), and its longitude is about 109.3°E; then it led northwestward to T'ien-te Chun 天德軍 (now Ulan Obo district 烏蘭鄂博地區). All these military cities were important bases defensing the northern barbarians; the supplies of these cities depended upon the transportations on the post roads linking Chang-an and Sheng Chou.