北宋科擧正賜第人員任用制之形成續考

A Study On The Recruitment System of the Qualified Candidates in Northern Sung Civil Service Examinations (Part II)

金中樞(Chin Chung-shu)

《新亞學報》 16卷(下) (1993/01) Pp. 301-333+ap15

摘要

拙文〈北宋科擧正賜第人員任用制之形成考〉，已於一九九一年八月九日至十四日由北京、河北兩大斈所召開的「國際宋史研討會」發表。此文是它的續作，一如前篇，仍分表文兩類四節來說明。一、正賜第人員的任用及其額數之考正統表－－即「進士諸科注擬官職統例表」。前文已經說過，它是非常複雜的。現在根據前表所分的十六個等級，一一按年科入等，再在下文依次精詳地考正它。二、正賜第人員的任用及其額數之考正事實（1）：自太宗太平興國三年（九七八）至五年（九八○）科，一共兩擧，經考正事實（20）及（21）之考正，並附表二之分二等及附表三之分三等所復考正者，完全相符。三、正賜第人員的任用及其額數之考正事實（2）：自太平興國八年（九八三）至雍熙二年（九八五）科，亦只兩擧，經考正事實（22）及（23）之考正，並附表四亦只分二等及附表五則分四等所復考正者，亦完全相符。四、正賜第人員的任用及其額數之考正事實（3）：自端拱元年（九八八）至二年（九八九）科，也只兩擧，經考正事實（24）及（25）之考正，並附表六又只分二等及附表七又分四等所復考正者，也完全相符。這樣說來，它的等級，仍然徘徊在二等至四等之間。如上所云，「從今以後，還要陸續地修正它，而一定符合前表的。」

並列摘要

My previous article ＂The Formation of the Recruitment System of the Qualified Candidates in Northern Sung Civil service Examinations＂ was read in the International 'Symposium on the Sung History' sponsored and held by the two Universities of Peking and Hebei from 9th to 14th August 1991. This paper is a continuation and is also, like the previous are divided into text and tables: 1. The Recruitment of the Qualified Candidates and its Quota System-The Official Ranking of the Successful Candidates in Palace Civil Examinations for chin-shih chu-k'o (進士諸科) is rather complicated. And, it is the purpose of this paper to examine here the 16 grades or rankings with respect to the previous tables in studying the grading and ranking for the successful prefectual candidates of the Palace Examinations every year. 2. The study on the Recruitment System of the Qualified Candidates and the Quota System (1): - As from Emperor T'ai-tsung (太宗) at the third year to the fifth year of Tai Ping Hing Guo (978) (太平興國). - Table II - two Grades - Table III - three Grades * There were two examinations to be held. These are found to be correct. 3. The study on the Recruitment System of the Qualified Candidates and the Quota System (2): - There were also two examinations held as from the 8th year of Tai Ping Hing Guo to the second year of Yong Xi (雍熙) (983-985): Table IV - two Grades. Table V - four Grades. *These are also found to be identical to each other. 4. The study on the Recruitment System of the Qualified Candidates and the Quota System (3): - As from the first two years of Duen Gong (端拱) 988-989, two examinations were held during these two years. Table VI - two Grades. Table VII - four Grades. These are also true after investigation. That is to say, the ranking or grading for such systems ranges from two to four grades. And, these should be proved or revised from time to time.