黃宗羲《易學象數論》的學術背景及論辨特色

On the Academic Background and Dialectical Features of Huang Zong-Xi's Yi-Xue Xiang-Shu-Lun

羅聖堡(Lo Sheng-pao)

《中國文學研究》 39期 (2015/01) Pp. 129-180

https://doi.org/10.29419/SICL.201501_(39).0004

摘要

黃宗羲的《易學象數論》，是清儒考辨《易》圖的早期作品。關於此書的撰著年代，近代學者持有異說。本文透過黃宗炎《太極圖說辯》的成書時間，與梨洲所撰墓誌銘等資料，推論黃氏考辨《易》圖的時代，應屬中年抗清的學術工作。至於學術史的討論，歸有光的學術思想，與天文曆算學的背景，是梨州《易學象數論》的成書背景。劉宗周與朱朝瑛的《易》學，亦對梨州有所影響，然而梨州《易》學的重點，不在《易》道詮釋之優劣，其問題意識，已轉移至文獻真偽的考察。再將梨洲《易》學與毛奇齡、胡渭比較可知，梨洲雖然也講卦變說，但新說、新圖的成份較低，且不相信納甲、之卦、先天等說。

關鍵字

《易學象數論》 ； 曆算 ； 劉宗周 ； 朱朝瑛 ； 毛奇齡 ； 胡渭

並列摘要

Huang Zong-Xi's Yi-Xue Xiang-Shu-Lun is an early textual research on Yi-Tu (diagrams and figures used to explain I-Ching and its theory) during Ming and Qing dynasties. Modern scholars have argued about its written time. Based on his other writings, this paper provides clear evidences that Huang's Yi-Xue Xiang-Shu-Lun was written in his middle age while he revolted against the Qing. In addition, about the writing background, Gui You-Guang's thought and the study of ephemerides had potential impacts on Huang's research. Liu Zhong-Zhou's and Zhu Chao-Ying's Yi-ology had also affected Huang. Nevertheless, Huang's focus differed from that of other scholars. He didn't focus on criticizing traditional interpretations of Yi-Tu nor did he try to replace them with better explanations. The purpose of Huang's research was the authenticity of Yi-Tu. Furthermore, this paper compares Huang's Yi-ology with Mao Qi-Ling's and Hu Wei's. The result suggests that Huang also elucidated hexagram alternation principles, but argued against Na-Jia, Zhi-Gua, and Xian-Tian principle. This is the most distinctive feature of Huang's Yi-Xue Xiang-Shu-Lun.

並列關鍵字

Yi-Xue Xiang-Shu-Lun ； ephemeris ； Liu Zhong-Zhou ； Zhu Chao-Ying ； Mao Qi-Ling ； Hu Wei

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