《西遊記》的倫理閱讀：以「家」為中心的考察

本文旨在通過「倫理閱讀」的視角，檢視《西遊記》寫定者如何藉由「家」的構設，展開對於人倫世道與家國秩序的多重思考。回顧西遊故事的發展，玄奘西行取經的宗教史實，歷經多朝承衍，至晚明世本《西遊記》，已增添愈發豐富的倫理內涵。本文首先著眼「花果山」和「取經團隊」兩個小說中的重要群體，探討寫定者如何通過「家」的視野，賦予其倫理意義。其次，本文集中探究第27回至31回，悟空遭唐僧放逐的情節，分析此間「驅逐與歸返」主題，歸結衝突發生的原因。綜而言之，《西遊記》的倫理思考與取經團隊「出家人」的身分恰成辯證；五聖以天地與行路為「家」，實折映寫定者對於安身立命的想像。

關鍵字

西遊記；倫理；家；家國共構

並列摘要

The purpose of the study is using the perspective of ＂ethical reading＂ to examine how the author of ＂The Journey to the West＂ expands multiple thinking about human relations as well as putting a nation and family in order through the structure of a ＂family＂. At the development of stories in ＂The Journey to the West＂, the religious facts of Xuanzang going to the Western regions and bringing scriptures back, the facts have been added with increasingly rich ethical connotations until the version in late Ming Dynasty. Consequently, the paper first focuses on ＂Huaguo Mountain＂ and ＂the team that obtained scriptures＂, the two important parts of the novel, to probe into how the author gave ethical significance through the perspective of a ＂family＂. Secondly, the paper focuses on chapters 27 to 31, the story about Wukong being banished by the monk Tang to analyze the subject of ＂banishment and return＂ to conclude the reasons for the occurrence of conflicts. In ＂The Journey to the West＂, the ＂monk＂ taking heaven and earth, as well as the passerby as his family, reflects the author's imagination of the settlement of his life in peace.