明代以經義取士,圍繞科舉產生的經典詮釋乃盛行一時。清人習稱講章之學,即濫觴於此。此類科舉講章之傳播,有賴於相關參考用書之大量出版、持續改編與廣泛銷售。看似氾濫無序的流傳實況,常使觀者有無跡可尋之嘆。事實上,坊間流行的科舉講章間不單是互相抄襲、彼此取代的關係。各家經說在因襲損益之餘,亦可以有所創發、融合。筆者檢得明萬曆末期蔣方馨輯《鐫彙附百名公帷中綮論書經講義會編》,為明崇禎年間張嘉和重輯《重訂申文定公書經講義會編》之改編底本。併持而校之,所獲實多。二書涉及百家明人經說之徵引,與明中晚期《尚書》學傳衍關係密切。是以本文詳細分析上述二者之性質與內涵。並在明代《尚書》科舉講章的整體發展脈絡中,解釋其流變反映出之時代意義。研究成果可以讓讀者窺見,明萬曆以後《尚書》科舉講章之雛形,及後續傳播、改編與接受之軌跡。
The imperial examination reference books had a broad and specific readership in the imperial examination society of Late Imperial China. In recent years, interest in these books has diminished with each generation, while scholar-bureaucrats' prejudices have led to scattered discussions on this book's type, contents, and influence. As a result, the structure and meaning behind its text remains to be examined. On the basis of a bibliography and two types of Sheng Shi-Xing's Shangshu Interpretation, this article comprehensively discusses the development and change of classic interpretations of the imperial examinations in Late Imperial China.