- 期刊
《四庫全書總目》對《說文解字》相關著作之評論探析
An Analysis of the Commentaries on Shuowen Jiezi in Siku Quanshu Zongmu
摘要
本文旨在探討《四庫全書總目》對《說文》相關著作之收錄標準，藉提要對「著錄」、「存目」不同狀況評論，加以歸納、分析，進而探研清乾隆帝時代的《說文》學思想。據筆者統計，《四庫全書總目》共收錄29部《說文》相關著作，著錄於《四庫全書》者9部，存目20部。觀《四庫》館臣對著錄、存目之評價，可知《四庫》館臣對《說文》學之見解，多尊許慎《說文》及其「六書」理論，體現層面包含：字形校改、分部問題，及「六書」理論之推衍。字形校改方面，《總目》反對「以篆改隸」、「以籀改篆」，認為失於穿鑿；分部問題，則以《說文》為判斷依準；「六書」理論之闡發，除了以許說為尊，斥穿鑿之論，崇尚嚴實考證之精神。
並列摘要
The article discusses the selection criteria of Shiku Quanshu Zongmu (《四庫全書總目》) for the related works of Shuowen(《說文》). On the basis of abstracts written by the editors of the Siku, we can summarize and analyze the difference of "description" and "cunmu," as well as study the "Shuowen research" that occurred during Qing Emperor Qianlong's era (清乾隆帝時代). According to one count, Siku Quanshu Zongmu contains a total of twenty-nine works related to Shuowen, nine of which are recorded in Siku Quanshu, and twenty of which are only listed by title in the catalogue. By analyzing the commentary of "description" and "cunmu," we discover that the editors of the Siku had their own views on the study of the Shuowen. They respected Xu Shen's (許慎) Shuowen and the theory of "Six Categories of Chinese Characters," which are reflected in the following aspects: correct glyphs, radicals, and the theory derived from the "Six Categories of Chinese Characters." In terms of the correction of glyphs, the editors of the Siku objected to "correcting clerical script with seal script" and "correcting seal script with large seal script," which they believed was untenable. In terms of derivation, Shuowen was the criterion for judgment. As for the interpretation of the "Six Categories of Chinese Characters," the editors of the Siku not only respected Xu Shen's theory, but also rejected untenable theories while respecting textual research.