李添春的行誼及其對臺灣佛教之研究

Li Tian-Chun's Morality and Study on Buddhism in Taiwan

邱敏捷(Min-Chieh Chiu)

《高雄文獻》 9卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 30-53

摘要

李添春是高雄美濃客家人，日治時代臺灣齋教研究之先驅，是日治時期及光復初期的佛教學者。15歲在基隆靈泉寺出家學佛，後因不習慣寺廟生活而返俗。留日期間，就讀駒澤大學，拜忽滑谷快天為師在思想上深受其影響。學成回臺，歷任臺灣總督府文教局囑託、臺北帝國大學農經系助教、國立臺灣大學農學院副教授、教授等，主編佛教刊物，引領美濃鄉親青年學佛。李氏對於臺灣齋教典籍、齋教源流、僧侶齋友之資格與階級等面向多所研究；對於臺灣佛教的改革思想，不僅著眼於大乘佛教精神與內涵的提升，並倡導「此地淨土」，也關注寺廟管理人制度的改革，以提高寺廟的功能；對臺灣日本式佛教的態度，則抱持質疑與批判的角度，特以林德林的新佛教事業為例，說明日本式佛教與臺灣佛教文化及精神背道而馳。由於李氏對臺灣佛教之研究與改革，確實投下諸多精力與心血，故其影響作用不可謂小。可以說，李氏在20世紀的臺灣佛教之研究及臺灣佛教文化之發展等皆有其貢獻與地位。

關鍵字

李添春 ； 齋教 ； 臺灣佛教 ； 佛教改革 ； 美濃

並列摘要

Li Tian-Chun is a pioneer in the study on Chinese religions of fasting in Taiwan in the Japanese ruling period and a Buddhist scholar in the Japanese ruling period and at the beginning of Taiwan restoration. At the age of fifteen, he chose to become a monk at Lingquan Temple, Keelung, but resumed the secular life because he couldn't get used to life in the temple afterward. During studying in Japan, he studied in Komazawa University and became an apprentice of Kaiten Nukariya, deeply influenced by him in thinking. After finishing studying and returning to Taiwan, he was entrusted by Culture and Education Bureau of Taiwan Government House to serve as the teaching assistant of Department of Agricultural Economics, Taihoku Imperial University, and the associate professor and professor of College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University. Li conducts research on different perspectives including the publications and origin of the religions of fasting in Taiwan and the qualifications and statuses of the monks and followers. In terms of the reform on the thinking of Buddhism in Taiwan, he not only focuses on upgrading the spirit and content of Mahayana Buddhism and promotes ＂This place is pure land＂ but also pays attentions to the reform of the temple manager system to increase the temple functions. As for the Japanese Buddhism in Taiwan, he holds the suspicious and critical attitude. Take Lin De-Lin's new Buddhist business for example. Li explains that the culture and spirit of the Japanese Buddhism is totally contrary to those of the Taiwanese Buddhism. Indeed, Li devotes a lot of energy and hard work to the research and reform of Buddhism in Taiwan and therefore has a great influence. In conclusion, he contributes to and plays an important role in the research and the cultural development of Buddhism in Taiwan in the twentieth century.

並列關鍵字

Li Tian-Chun ； Chinese religions of fasting ； Buddhism in Taiwan ； reform of Buddhism ； Meinong

參考文獻

印順，《教制教典與教學》，臺北，正聞出版社，1992年4月修訂一版。

江燦騰，《臺灣佛教百年史之研究1895-1995》，臺北，南天書局，1996年3月初版。

江燦謄，《臺灣近代佛教的變革與反思，去殖民化與臺灣佛教主體性確立的新探索》，臺北，東大圖書出版公司，2003年10月初版。

李添眷著，陳國政編，《李添眷教授回憶錄》，臺北，冠芳印刷公司，1984年5月初版。

吳老擇口述，卓遵宏，侯坤宏主訪，《臺灣佛教一甲子—吳老擇先生訪談錄》，臺北，國史館，2003年12月初版。