唐代長安城建築規模與設計規劃初探

A Study'of City Planning of Ch'ang-an in the T'ang Dynasty

游學華(Yau Hok Wa)

《中國文化研究所學報》 17卷 (1986/01) Pp. 111-144

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.198601_17.0005

並列摘要

Ch'ang-an 長安, the capital of the T'ang dynasty (618-907) and the largest city in the world at that time, was famous the world over for the magnitude of its scale and the elaborate city planning. From the 7th to the 9th century, Ch'ang-an was an important centre for world trade and culture which contributed much to the exchange and development of ancient civilizations. The predecessor of Ch'ang-an was Ta-hsing 大興in the Sui dynasty. Yiiwen K'ai 宇文愷 (555-612), a famous architect of the age, was responsible for its planning. Municipal construction continued during the T'ang dynasty. Ch'ang-an in the T'ang period covered an area of 84 square kilometres and consisted of a Palace City 宮城, an Imperial City 皇城 and an Outer City 外郭城. There were 14 main streets running parallel from east to west and another 11 running parallel from north to south, dividing the urban district into 109 Walled Compounds 里坊 and 2 Markets 市. The water supply of Ch'ang-an was convenient, with 5 Canals 渠 flowing through the city. Ch'ang-an furnished for posterity a brilliant example of city planning in China. The city planning of Ch'ang-an rested on the rich experience of former capitals, and also took into account the practical needs and the environment. The city planning not only exercised an influence upon the domestic cities but also affected the design of the neighbouring capitals. This paper use recent archaeological reports and reliable documents in its discussion of the city planning of Ch'ang-an and also goes into the question how this planning inherited from the past and ushered in the future.