龍紋、渦紋、穀紋、蒲紋、乳丁紋－東周玉器主要紋飾的演變及定名，兼論《周禮》成書年代

From an investigation into the jade articles of the Eastern Chou and the Han period excavated over the past fifty years, it is found that the dragon pattern began to degenerate in the late Spring and Autumn period. The upper and lower jaws, eyes and horns of the dragon became whorl, grain, cirrus and long-tailed tadpole patterns etc. and were independent of one another. In the late Warring States period there were grain and mat patterns only and were arranged in order. The mat pattern was only a net pattern whose purpose is to ensure that the grain pattern was arranged in order. This suggests that the so-called ＂grain＂ pattern is in fact not. ＂millet＂ pattern and the ＂mat＂ pattern not cattail mat＂ pattern. The traditional belief originating from the Han-T'ang commentators on the Classics was that the so-called ＂grain＂ and ＂mat＂ patterns were intended to be naturalistic representations of these terms. The author shows this not to be the case. He furthermore addresses the problem of the dating of the Chou li from the standpoint of his periodisation of the mat pattern. Because the mat pattern was rare in the late Warring States period and was not popular until the early Han, appearance of mat pattern in the Chou li points to the possibility that it was compiled not earlier than the late Warring States period.

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