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周必大《文忠集》版本考
A Bibliographical Study of the Collected Works of Zhou Bida
並列摘要
Zhou Bida 周必大(1126-1204) was an eminent scholar-official in the Southern Song period (1126-1279). He served in the government for more than forty years under emperors Gaozong高宗(1107-1187, r. 1127-1162), Xiaozong孝宗(1127-1194, r. 1163-1189) and Guangzong光宗(1147-1200, r. 1190-1194). During his lifetime, Zhou Bida had a long tenure in the Hanlin Academy and the Historiography Institute, and also served as either a companion or a classical tutor to the Emperor and the princes. He had worked in the Department of State Affairs and Bureau of Military Affairs, and was even promoted to the post of Grand Councilor in 1187. His long service and rich experience enabled him to be familiar with the court affairs and government policies. He had written numerous essays and drafted imperials edicts concerning royal court and policies that were implemented in the country. As such, his large amount of writings in different varieties deserves close attention. During the Kaixi開禧 (1205-1207) reign, his son, Zhou Lun周綸, took up the arduous task of editing and printing about two- third of his father's manuscripts. The remnants were later printed by Zheng Zijing鄭子敬(? 1237). They are altogether two hundred juan, with five appendices and a chronology of his life. The original printing plate made in the Kaixi reign was unfortunately lost. Such a huge set of collected works, however, had never been printed till the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) Though Zhou's writings were copied and circulated by generations, most of the copies were either incomplete or were fragments of the older texts. There are two versions of the complete set of Zhou's collected works, which both contain 200 juan and are kept in a good condiction. 1. Wenzhong ji文忠集 in Siku quanshu四庫全書edition, published by the Taiwan Commercial Press in 1986. 2. Luling Zhou Yiguo Wenzhong Gong ji廬陵周益國文忠公集in Yingtang bieshu灜塘別墅 edition, which includes the main collection printed in 1848 and the remnant collection printed in 1851. These two versions are differentiated in ways of editing, copying and printing. The sources of these versions, which might be either a whole set or just remnants of the older texts, were originated from different private libraries in late imperial China. Zhou Bida was a distinguished scholar-official; his writings on both court affairs and various policies contribute immensely to the study of the history of the Southern Song. It is therefore imperative to acquire a comprehensive understanding of these two versions of Zhou's writings and make good use of them.