宋元明三代廟學的建築結構和祭祀

The Architecture and the Rituals of Confucian Temple-schools in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties

胡務(Hu Wu)

《中國文化研究所學報》 43期 (2003/01) Pp. 157-181

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.200301_(43).0006

並列摘要

Miaoxue is the school housed in a Confucian temple. The construction of Confucian temples in the Yuan dynasty stemmed from the Song dynasty, but it was more systematic. The present paper, based on the author's recent doctoral dissertation, discusses the main features of such temple-schools in the Yuan dynasty and their functions. It also analyses the activities in the Confucian temple-schools in the Yuan, including the ritual system and book collection. Scholars often thought that the Yuan ritual system was already uniform by the third year of Yanyou (1316), but the author disagrees and surmises that the spread of rituals from South China to North China was very slow, and the system was not completed until the end of the Yuan. The Yuan ritual system was inherited from the Song. Emperor Shizu (Qubilai gaghan) once tried to reform the Dacheng musical composition to show off his great power and influence but he failed. The simplification of the costumes worn in the ritual process was adopted by the succeeding Ming and Qing dynasties. The Xiangyinjou ceremony was furthermore extinct.