民主社會主義在冷戰香港：從理論闡述到參與本地政治

Democratic Socialism in Hong Kong during the Cold War Era: From Theoretical Exploration to Participation in Local Politics

容啟聰(Kenneth Kai-chung Yung)

《中國文化研究所學報》 67期 (2018/07) Pp. 229-251

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.201807_(67).0007

摘要

自二十世紀初開始，中國知識分子已經廣泛討論各種社會主義思想。馬克思主義在二十年代迅速興起，其支持者建立起中國共產黨，繼而在國共內戰中取得勝利，建立政權。相對於共產主義者，民國時期還有一批較為溫和的民主社會主義者，他們亦曾建立政黨，積極參與政治，希望在中國實現民主憲政及其社會主義理想。學者對民國時期的民主社會主義已經取得不少研究成果。可是，部分民主社會主義者在1949年後選擇移居香港，他們卻甚少受到關注。本文主要考察五六十年代於香港居住的南來民主社會主義者，闡述其政治理念和思想，並指出他們在一定程度上繼承了民國時期的民主社會主義思潮。隨著時代發展，這些居港的民主社會主義者日益關注本地社會與政治。在六十年代中葉，他們更組織政黨，爭取實現香港自治和在本地落實民主社會主義。他們在香港的活動，正好反映南來知識分子在冷戰香港的在地化過程。

關鍵字

民主社會主義 ； 知識分子 ； 冷戰 ； 香港 ； 政黨

並列摘要

Socialism had been widely discussed and debated since its introduction to the Chinese intellectuals at the beginning of the twentieth century. Marxism became quickly the mainstream Chinese socialist school of thought in the 1920s. Its adherents participated in politics and founded the Chinese Communist Party. They finally won the struggle against the Nationalist government and established their regime. In addition to the Marxists, however, there were also the Chinese democratic socialists who were far more moderate. These moderate socialists once formed political parties and got involved in politics, hoping to realize constitutional democracy and their socialist ideals in China. Much scholarly literature is available on the democratic socialists in the Republican era. However, little work has been done on the democratic socialists who sojourned in Hong Kong after the Communist takeover in 1949. This article focuses on the democratic socialists living in Hong Kong during the 1950s and 1960s. It explores their political belief and argues that they indeed inherited the Republican-era democratic socialism. As time goes by, these Hong Kong-based democratic socialists became more concerned about the local society. Towards the mid-1960s, they even formed one of the earliest political parties in Hong Kong and called for the autonomy of the city. The democratic socialists were, indeed, a good example of the localization of the incoming Chinese intellectuals after 1949.

並列關鍵字

democratic socialism ； intellectuals ； the cold war ； Hong Kong ； political party