漢代弱水中下游流域邊防系統中的「置」

漢代張掖郡北部的肩水、居延都尉，其轄區就在弱水中下游流域。依託倉而建立、負責後勤供應的「置」機構，分佈於這一地區。如肩水都尉統轄的肩水、橐他、廣地三個候官駐地，及肩水城官（A35）等，均設立「置」。北部居延都尉轄區內，亦設立「置」，但多位於部隧。不同於懸泉置兼掌文書傳遞、供應招待等，弱水中下游流域邊防系統中的「置」基本上不負責文書傳遞，這一工作應由當地普遍設立的亭隧承擔。本文對著名的《甘露二年御史書》相關問題，及永田英正所開創候官文書集成研究的方法，亦做出了一定程度的反思。

關鍵字

置；弱水中下游流域；候官；置佐

並列摘要

The military bases under the offices of Jianshui and Juyan duwei (commandants) of the northern Zhangye commandery were located in the middle-lower reaches of the Ruoshui (Edsen-gol, Inner Mongolia) in the Han dynasty. The zhi office was set up there as mainly warehouses and responsible for providing supplies. The houguan (company headquarters) of Jianshui, Tuota, and Guangdi under the Jianshui commandery, as well as the chengguan (office of the city administrator) of Jianshui all had their own zhi. The zhi in Juyan were located at the bu (section) or sui (beacon unit). Unlike the Xuanquan zhi in Dunhuang, the zhi along the middle-lower reaches of the Ruoshui were not responsible for transmitting official documents. This paper also discusses the famous Ganlu ernian yushishu (Order of the chief prosecutor in the second year of the Ganlu reign) and reflects on the methodology first proposed by Nagata Hidemasa for the study of the documents excavated from the houguan office.