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漢學與史學的相生相剋-太平洋戰爭前的洪業及其未竟的學術藍圖

Mutual Promotion and Restraint between Historiography and Sinology: William Hung's Unfulfilled Academic Blueprint in Occupied Beiping

摘要


本文以洪業主導的新史學「燕京學派」和葉理綏主持的哈佛燕京學社美國總部在戰時的跨國學術合作例,考察一度以法國漢學科學標尺的中國新史學,是否可能突破史語考證的方法瓶頸,讓史學真正成為一門足以與自然科學、社會科學鼎足而立的自主科學,而不只是科學的應用之學(即將研究自然現象的科學方法簡單地施用於人文及社會現象的研究)、史學的輔助學科。這種瓶頸與突破間的緊張在太平洋兩岸的具體表現,就是渴望擺脫技術至上主義路綫而回歸歷史大主題的中國新史學與在歐洲大陸日漸式微,卻又以「東亞學」的面目在北美謀求復興的「伯希和學派」之間的理念與利益之爭。

並列摘要


This paper uses the transnational academic cooperation between William Hung's "Yenching School" of the Chinese "New History" and the Harvard-Yenching Institute directed by Serge Elisséeff as an entry point to examine if it is possible for the Chinese "New History" to break the methodological bottleneck set by French Sinology in historical research and make historiography truly a science that can stand on its feet alongside natural science and social science. Its concrete manifestations on both sides of the Pacific are the conflicts of ideas and interests between the Chinese historians, who were eager to break away from the approach of skill-priority and return to the principal themes of history, and the "Paul Pelliot School" which was losing ground in Europe and seeking a revival in the United States as "East Asian Studies."

參考文獻


北京大學檔案館藏「燕京大學檔案」
王應憲編校:《現代大學史學系概覽:1912–1949》,上海:上海古籍出版社,2016 年。
王鍾翰著、諸同學整理:《王鍾翰學述》,杭州:浙江人民出版社,1999 年。
何炳棣:《讀史閱世六十年》,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社,2005 年。
周一良:《畢竟是書生》,北京:北京十月文藝出版社,1998 年。

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