This paper aims to study the interactions between Confucianism and Catholicism during the Ming-Qing periods by firstly, analyze the dialogues between the Chinese literati and the western scholars, respectively representing the stances of Neo-Confucianism and Catholicism in the fourth chapter of the Tianzhu shiyi(The true meaning of the Lord of Heaven). And the second part consists of five case studies, which are the thoughts of An Shifeng (b.1557), Wei Yijie (1616-1686), Wang Fuzhi (1619-1692), Wang Sihuai (b. 1620), and Lao Shi (1655-1713). In each case, it is pointed out that the issues raised in the Tianzhu shiyi, which has been analyzed in the previous part of this paper, were addressed in the Neo-Confucian's discourse. Through pondering similar questions, the Ming-Qing Neo-Confucians continued the dialogues between the Chinese literati and western scholars in the Tianzhu shiyi. Although they did not directly or expressly response to Catholicism, their discourses formed a way of intellectual exchanges with Catholicism. This phenomenon also provides a new perspective for studying the interactions between Chinese Neo-Confucianism and Catholicism.