The abstract should normally be no more than 150 words and should state the research problem, method and results. Conrad did a good job covering all three aspects concisely. The research problem was elucidated in the first two sentences. She was interested in finding out whether non-native listeners attend more to syntactic information than natives do as the case is in studies of non-native and native readers. The use of the words "graphophonic" and "similar" is perhaps inappropriate since she was not really interested in the "phonic" aspect of listening and, the "grapho" aspect seems to concern reading rather than listening. She could have organised the abstract better by putting the hypothesis right after the research problem. As for method, she stated who the subjects were and the procedures for conducting the investigation. She briefly outlined how she collected the data. In this case, it was through the use of a cloze test administered to the subjects after they had listened to a passage. She also mentioned how the test was scored and reference for the scoring procedures was cited. Results confirming her hypothesis were given at the end of the abstract.