利益方抗爭作為宏觀協商的潛力和局限：基於內陸核電爭議中「望江四老」個案的考察

The Potentials and Limits of Stakeholder Contestation as Macro Deliberation: A Case Study on Wangjiang Four Seniors' Contention of Jiangxi Pengze Nuclear Power Project, China

鄧理峰(Lifeng DENG) ； 賈鶴鵬(Hepeng JIA)

《傳播與社會學刊》 49期 (2019/07) Pp. 141-174

https://doi.org/10.30180/CS.201907_(49).0006

摘要

如何將利益倡導和抗爭等策略性行動，納入非常強調程序和理性的公共協商與溝通中，這是協商民主在理論和實踐上都遇到的難題。本文嘗試貫通社會運動與民主協商兩個研究領域，在協商民主理論的視野裡考察了利益方抗爭作為一種公共協商的潛力和障礙。具體而言，本文考察了2011年福島核電災難引發了公眾對核電的廣泛擔憂後，安徽省望江縣被稱之為「望江四老」的地方精英，在抗議隔江相望的江西彭澤核電項目的過程中，如何以非正式社會組織的形式，迴避街頭政治，訴諸和平和理性的話語抗爭來解決分歧，並在一定程度上達成了其預期目標。通過深入的調研和案例分析，本文探討了這樣一種具有協商參與特徵的話語抗爭之形成特點、社會影響及其對中國爭議性大型建設項目的公眾參與和協商治理實踐的啓示意義。

關鍵字

利益方 ； 話語抗爭 ； 宏觀協商 ； 核電爭議

並列摘要

How to integrate strategic actions such as interest advocacy and protest into public deliberation that emphasizes rationality and civility has long been a challenge to be addressed in deliberative democracy. This paper tries to bridge social movement studies and deliberative governance studies by examining the potentials and limits of stakeholder's discursive contention as deliberative participation from the theoretical perspective of deliberative democracy. Specifically, this paper explores how Wangjiang Four Seniors (望江四老), four retired Chinese Communist Party cadres in Wangjiang County, Anhui Province, who had been contending against the Jiangxi Pengze Nuclear Power Project shortly after Fukushima Accident in 2011, acted as an informal social organization in a way preferring peaceful and rational discursive contention other than street protest to address conflicts. With the suspension of the nuclear power project, the four seniors achieved success to a certain extent. Mainly based on in-depth interviews and case studies, the authors discussed the characteristics and social impacts of discursive contestation with features of deliberative participation like this case, as well as its implications for public participation and deliberative governance in controversial mega projects in China.

並列關鍵字

stakeholder ； discursive contestation ； macro deliberation ； nuclear power debates

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