清朝道光年間金蓋山呂祖道壇所創造之經典初探：以《玉清贊化九天演政心印集經》、《玉清贊化九天演政心印寶懺》為中心之探討

A Preliminary Study on Two New Scriptures Invented at Daoist Altar of Mt. Jingai during Daoguang Period of Qing Dynasty: Centering on the Yuqing zanhua jiutian yanzheng xinyin jijing, and the Yuqing zanhua jiutian yanzheng xinyin baochan

丸山宏(Maruyama Hiroshi)

《道教研究學報：宗教、歷史與社會》 7期 (2015/01) Pp. 171-200

摘要

本論文以清朝道光年間浙江湖州金蓋山呂祖道壇所創造之兩本經典，呂祖經典《玉清贊化九天演政心印集經》和懺儀儀本《玉清贊化九天演政心印寶懺》為研究對象，探討其成立年代、經文內容特徵等問題。這兩本經典在學術界還未受到足夠的學術關注。它們都沒有記載具體的創經年代與道壇負責人氏姓名，本論文通過著重分析經典中的呂祖封號、真人沈一炳的地位、呂祖歷劫教化時間的安排方式和經中出現的諸真姓氏等多元證據，推算出其成立年代。此外，探討這兩本經典的內容與其特徵，對深入了解閔一得主持復興金蓋山呂祖道壇事業的意義，是很有幫助的。它們的內容極為豐富，都很明顯地表現出金蓋山道壇的歷史觀和儒道兼修的特徵等。由此出發，本論文還進一步論及了金蓋山呂祖道壇所創造之呂祖經典在清朝道教史上的意義。

關鍵字

金蓋山呂祖道壇 ； 閔一得 ； 呂祖經典 ； 懺儀儀本 ； 儒道兼修

並列摘要

Two new scriptures, Yuqing zanhua jiutian yanzheng xinyin jijing 玉清贊化九天演政心印集經, and the Yuqing zanhua jiutian yanzheng xinyin baochan 玉清贊化九天演政心印寶懺, were invented at Lüzu 呂祖 altar of Mt. Jingai 金蓋山 during Daoguang period of Qing dynasty. These two scriptures, first one a main Lüzu scripture telling the history of Lüzu, and second one a scripture for repentance rite, have not yet been given enough attention by scholars. Relying on investigations of important features expressed in the two scriptures such as enfeoffed names of Lüzu, deification of the master Shen Yibing 沈一炳, the narrative method of telling Lüzu's history of universal salvation, surnames of Min Yide's 閔一得 disciples etc., this article tries to verify the concrete date of invention of the two scriptures and the responsible person of the invention. The author sheds some light on the specific features of the scriptures, for example, the intimate relationship between the two scripture's contents and the clear intention of Min Yide's effort to restore Lüzu altar on the basis of his historical understanding of local tradition of Lüzu cult. This article makes clear the existence of strong combination of both Confucian and Daoist cultivation resources in the two scriptures. At last, in order to reconstruct the significance of the two scriptures, the article compares Min Yide's characteristic activities and other contemporary altar's activities in Daoist history of Qing dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Lüzu altar at Mt. Jingai ； Min Yide ； Lüzu scripture ； Scripture for repentance rite ； practice of combining both Confucian and Daoist cultivation methods