章太炎國學觀略論

On Zhang Taiyan's View of National Learning

嚴壽澂(YAN Shoucheng)

《饒宗頤國學院院刊》 5期 (2018/05) Pp. 373-402

摘要

餘杭章公太炎（1869-1936），特立獨行，自貴其心，所終身奉持者，曰「依自不依他」。以為國家固無自性，然國于天地，必有與立，所不與他國同者，歷史也，語言文字也，此即國學，歷史尤要。不明歷史，則國性失而國亡本，萬劫不復。太炎諄諄講學，此物此志也。

關鍵字

章太炎 ； 國學 ； 國家 ； 經史無別 ； 國學之統宗 ； 依自不依他

並列摘要

Zhang Taiyan (1869-1936), a unique Chinese nationalist, held that the nation-state has no definite nature of its own, rather it is composed of different elements. Yet without national learning (or the so-called ＂national essence＂) any nation-state will not stand on its own, as it is characterized by its history and language, especially the former, which is not shared by any other nation. As Zhang rightly pointed out, the Chinese national learning is neither superior nor perfect but it has one unique feature. Such feature is known as autonomy, which emphasizes on the dependence on oneself rather than on God or any other foreign opinions.

並列關鍵字

Zhang Taiyan ； National Learning ； nation-state ； indistinction between the Classics and history ； foundation of National Learning ； self-dependence